From ExtremeTech:
It is easy to dismiss much of
the continual outpouring of research that claims to make creatures
smarter by changing a few genes around, or even giving them human genes.
If you try enough different kinds of tests, you can probably find a few
where the altered animals show some arbitrarily significant difference
in performance, and then report it as progress. While that is a cynical
view, it reflects the realities often observed in our somewhat stagnant
system of grant-funded research. Today, a team of neuroscientists claim
to have boosted the learning rate and memory of mice by grafting fetal
human brain cells onto their brains. This particular hack has cast the
net a little further, and gives us a unique insight into how brains
work, and how we might soon be able to build superbrains.
When
a human brain is compared to a smaller mammalian brain, some features,
like the thickness of the cortex, remain relatively constant. Others,
like the range and density of connections per cell do not. For example,
in evolving larger brains, a neuron that suddenly needs to supply
connections to other neurons up to 10cm away typically responds by
becoming more massive, and retaining more protein manufacturing
compartments.
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