I find the address for the link quite amusing as well. Note it starts out www.armstrong
What bigger liar can we find than "no - I never doped" Lance Armstrong? He has found that a bit expensive too. Now he is being sued by all who gave him sponsorship payments.
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Remember when reading my post: (-1)^½ m (2)^½
In the grand scheme of things here is what their cheat looks like compared to pre emisions days numbers.
Yea you better use a magnifying glass to see the difference between meeting tier 4 and faking it and still being at tier 3 levels.
Tier 3 standards represent ~2% of what the pre-emissions levels were and tier 4 is equivalent to .5% or only a ~1.5% further reduction compared to pre-emissions days yet in sheer costs to implement comes in at .~8x what meeting tier 1 and 2 cost.
Maybe VW are crooks but when comparing actual gains as measured from day one to where they are now I can't say that they are anywhere near the worst ones playing the game. I leave that status of top crook of the ones making the rules and setting the standards to begin with.
At this point it would have been cheaper to have run a massive advertising campaign to show the differences in actual emission reductions from pre-emissions days to now and how little the last step adds up to Vs the costs involved to meet it in order to rally everyone in the engine manufacturing industry as a whole to get together and tell the powers that be to go pound sand and get the un/mis informed consumer to wise up to what's going on as a whole and go with them.