WATER TREATMENT PLANT

Suggest post Answers to Q's:

1. Design the system for How many litres/head/day
2. Trasmit through Steel+Galv or Plastic piping
3. Pay per litre metering? What minimum price/litre will people pay if quality is -fit for direct drinking
4. Would you rather supply raw /semitreated water with metering and let each family take care of final treating/filtering to high grade potable water
5. Are all homes electrifiedin Oil-rich Port Harcourt?

Your call for help will come better from many in CR4 if you answer these.

Hi Mukulmahant,

Thanks for your response. We are in the preliminary stages. I am yet to have the geological survey data or the water status data. The community location is in Nigeria. Niger Delta region.

Response to those questions:-

1) Design the system for 300 Litres/head/day

2) Transmit water through PVC pressure piping

3) No (or at worst meagre token) payment for fit-for -direct-drinking

4) To supply high grade potable water at various community 'Fetching Points'

5) Not all homes are electrified. As in (4) above 'Fetching-points' will be provided at various locations on the distribution network for everybody's use. Piping to individual homes not economically viable now.

Thank you all for the care.

Jibril

Provide some info on the location and people can help..

40,000p = 10-15,000 cmd = 10--20 wells = 4/5000sqm = 50M sqm = 5x10km

1/well (1000cumd) 1000m separation = 1sqkm = 50 spaces (up to 50 wells)

25 including peaking capacity (redrill after 10 years)

Why do you need a water plant?? Mn and Iron??? H2S, NOx

Remember what goes in comes out - to Sewers or Septic tanks; Watch out for rising groundwater levels if septic tanks.

Get some good heavy duty truck and work everything from trucks and a pump repair shop.

With 20+ wells keep 10% pumps on maintenance with 3-5 operating spares and rebuilding on scheduled maintenance.

Monitor well and pump productions and pressures

Tom Williams

Hi ctwilliams,

Thanks for your response. We are in our preliminary stages. I dont have the water analysis yet.

What i thought I could get at this stage, is an idea on typical treatment-plant designs 'applicable' to this conceptual design we have in mind.

To acquire the basics on a general layout of a typical treatment scheme. Say, a sketch of a previously constructed plant.

Regards,

Jibril

what is the analysis of current water in the area? have you tested for arsenic or flourides?

Hi rustyh2o,

Thanks for your response. We are in our preliminary stages. I dont have the water analysis yet. What i thought I could get, is an idea on typical treatment-plant designs 'applicable' to this conceptual design we have in mind.

Regards,

Jibril

Water Plants and surface water are typical concepts, however, the first question included water sourcing from groundwater wells .

I have had considerable water supply experience overseas (Indonesia, Philippines, Lima, Cairo, LA, California, etc.) and so much money has gone to surface water treatment which can be 2-4x more expensive, especially when costing total cost of delivery at the same pressures and flows.

Without the basic info on the geology and available surface water sources, we can opnly fall back to the first question and assume that the person and associates are knowledgeable for their local conditions and finances. Based on the general population and estimated water demand and land extent...water wells could be served and deliver water to faucets/standpipes at a cheaper price.

We do need more info to help and can if the EP is supplied with the info.

Tom Williams

You will need to post a lot more information than you have to date;

• Geo. Survey
• Population Density
• Current infrastructure

Are just three of many general topics that need to be addressed. Remember its a cyclical process with a toxic factor called humanity in the loop,

Basic requirements:

1. Storage capacity.
2. Supply flow rate and pressure.
3. Sand and activated carbon filtration.
4. Disinfection.
5. Distribution system.

Additional requirements:

Removal of Fe, Mn, As etc., depending upon whether these substances are present in the water.

Why don't you send me an email with the details above so that I can help you design one? What country is this town in, by the way? If I know what the country is, I might know what additional treatment methods may be required for the water.

I strongly suggest what I like is that this forum is for OPEN discussion, lets keep it that way?

I am in the business of wastewater treamtent systems but for me, the value here is sharing our thoughts and open discussion, that way I see it adding to my meagre repetoire of knowledge and underatanding.

No problem, I'm always happy to help out. The main thing here though, is that depending on the quality of the water, there may be too many details to cover here.

Timpatco,

Thanks for your time. I do not have those details now. When available I shall come back for more help.

What I wanted to get at this stage is a general idea of how the layout (water sourcing, storage,treatment,lift to overhead tank, discharge to consumption) might be, what data/information would be essential and a not too expensive approach to water treatment plants.

......"forum is for OPEN discussion",...... what do you mean by that?

Regards,

Jibril

Hi Jibril,

I mean, keep it here on the forum rather than get sidelined into private discussions with individual members. The more we all see each others responses and ideas, the better it will be for yourself,

Hi tipatco,

You're right. Thanks for that.

I hope I can shout it loud enough for DVader1000 to hear .....'leave my things on the family dining table!....

Jibril

Hey jibril,

To start with there is no one solution fits all problems in water treatment. So what you can start is by getting a test done of the local avaliable water sample. you can test it for chemical contents, Bio logical contents, taste and odour. The lab will have a good idea of the allowable limits( if you dont get those datas you can ask).. After that we will have to decide what all components go into your treatment system.

Then the quantity of material can be worked out by see the total correction level required and the amount of water required in a day .

please give all details - Type of water and ph content.?quantity required.? whether portable application?latest technology available.haja-www.dynaspede.net

Guest,

Thanks for your time. I do not have those details now. When available I shall come back for more help.

What I meant to get at this stage is a general idea of how the layout (water sourcing, storage,treatment,lift to overhead tank, discharge to consumption) might be, what data/information would be essential and a not too expensive approach.

Regards,

Jibril

In order to design any Plant, we must know the inffluent parameters and what quality of product we need in the effluent. Therefore, you need to have the full inffluent analysis (biological content, odor, taste, color, metals and if possible a screening test for other VOC). Once you have this, based in the flow rate to treat, you can determine the size of equipment, the types of units (adsorption, filtration, reactors, strippers, etc), types of pipes (pvc, steel, etc..) and the amount of chemical/gallon of water you need. Simulation or pilot tests are commendable, although there already are technologies for drinking water production. You can search for them. Good luck.

Chemricardo,

Guest,

Thanks for your time. I do not have those details now. When available I shall come back for more help.

What I wanted to get at this stage is a general idea of how the layout (water sourcing, storage,treatment,lift to overhead tank, discharge to consumption) might be, what data/information would be essential and a not too expensive approach.

Regards,

Jibril

Hi Jibril,

I see you are in Nigeria. This suggest to me that your financial resources are very limited?

The sad fact of life is that water treatment when applied to the maximum of technology and knowledge is not inexpensive. Perhaps the best starting point for folk like myself to offer suggestions will be to ask if you have a budget, and what that is?

Or if you are being asked to prepare a budget, what do the providers of funding expect?

I do not want to discourage you but as a "rule of thumb" we can say that a complete solution for water treatment would cost from around $US1,000 up to $US4,000 per person in countries with the money to spend.

Right now we are in the International Year of Sanitation and also being finally highlighted is the fact that 88% of the worlds illnesses are caused by poor sanitation and bad water.

On a positive note, I would like to offer you some practical assistance, please keep in touch via this forum.

The cheapest equipment for a water treatment Plant is having a filtration system (sand of different size) and the desinfection system (chlorine or other antibacterial substance). For example, some countries are taking water from the bootom of rivers by installing pipe with a lot of holes that become the filtration system. The water then is pumped into a desinfection tank, where a quality control is carried our prior its distribution. For your system, you need to install the pump system based in the amount of water to distribute. The filter size to build and the tank volume to store the water (desinfection system). The residence time of the chemical is very important to kill all the germs, but a overdose will be critical, since the high concentration of antibacterial substance can cause negative effects in the population health.

Cheapest is

Groundwater wells (using natural sand filters) and keep enough pressure to raise water to third floor tap or higher

If iron/manganese is a problem use aeration and you need to repump

Fe/Mn is generally an appearance issue - not health

If nitrate is a problem (take sample and expose to air and see if any green forms), either aerate and or dilute until green stops forming (pregnant and infants should boil water)

Hypochor disinfection for each well head or distribution point if several wells together.

If you have a sandy bottom river try wells 15-20m from bank and perhaps slant well if you can get a driller to do them.

Surface water sourcing, filtering, and disinfecting most expensive DELIVERED

TOM

Hi ct,

Thanks for that.

It helps to begin to get focussed.

Jibril

What do you feel is the best dose of chlorine? ppm

Hi Chem,

Thanks for that piece. You have set the direction finder running......

I am pleased.

Regards,

Jibril

Jibril,

When you are all ready- mail me alongwith water analysis.

I shall tell you of a sure method to give your community something good for their health-- at an earthly budget-- i.e. Electrocoagulated/disinfected/smell-removed/fluoride-reduced tasty oxygenated water.

But you have to take something of a price.

No Free Water any more.!

Please visit my site www.innovation2survive.com

BR

MM

Thanks M.

I've been to your site & seen what you have.

I'll get back, as you adviced, when we're all ready with our analysis.

Loads of thanks.

Jibril

Hi Jibril,

When you are preparing your information, can you also give an idea on the climate and weather conditions at the site? You might also like to see a standard questionnaire that we use in our initial assessment when preparing quotations for our clients? Let me know, I can also give you a list of URLs that you might find useful and cut down on your Googling time, let me know and I can post then here in open forum,

Regards,

Tim Collins

Hi Tim,

Climate & Wheather conditions noted. Thanks, ....will do.

I surely would need all the material help I can get. Pls. send me all you can (the URLs, questionnaire) and I shall remain grateful. Thanks.

Regards,

Jibril

The first consideration is the raw water characteristics. Without a chemical and biological analysis of this water to hand, no-one can advise properly.