What Is CS Killed Material?

"Killed steel" is found in the steel refining process, part of the way between molten iron and the finished product. There is a good article on steel production in Wikipedia, among other places.

If CS equals carbon steel, it will need to be deoxidized to reduce porosity/ blow holes, this is done by adding silicon. If you have ever added salt to a beer, it makes the bubbles come out, silicon does this to steel by scavenging oxygen.

Depending on carbon content i t can be welded (or not, used for shafting (or not) or used to make tools (like drill rod.

Fine grain is important for some of these applications.

more info given in the question will result in better answers.

milo

Expanding Milo's comments a bit, killed steel is one of the four primary types in steel making. The other three being rimmed, semi-killed and capped. In most steelmaking processes the primary reaction involves the combination of carbon and oxygen to form a gas. If the oxygen available for this reaction is not removed prior to or during pouring (by the addition of ferrosilicon or some other deoxidizer), the gaseous products continue to evolve during solidification. The amount of gas evolved during solidification determines the type of steel. If no gas is evolved, the steel is termed "killed" because all the gas remains in the mold. Increasing degrees of controlled gas evolution result in semi-killed, capped and rimmed steels.

As noted, killed steels are strongly deoxidized and are characterized by their high degree of uniformity in composition and properties. Although they are susceptible to some degree of segregation, most of that is removed when the hot top section pipe is cropped.

The uniformity of killed steel renders it most suitable for applications such as hot-forging, cold extrusion, heading, carburizing and controlled thermal treating.

Thanks Bluestone.

milo

Thank you for your valuable data.

Please let me know where this material (Killed CS material) is useful in general and as well as in the process industry.