hey can anybody explain how temperature ,pressure and sometimes molecular weight compensation is done in orifice plate with proper formulae and derivation of the same,and why it is done
An orifice plate is simply a restriction in the flow path.
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I mean to ask while measuring flow of gases we sometimes need to give temperature ,pressure and molecular weight compensation .why do we give that and how it is given
This online Pressure & Temperature compensation is required just because that actual operating conditions ( Pressure & Temp) normally differ from design data of Orifice.
Orifice is designed for a perticular application with certain pressure & Temp. as its design data. In practice this design pressure & Temp. may vary leading to variation in Density. Due to this variations in density, you need to compensate the flow measurement with actual Pressure & Actual Temperature, by actulally measuring both these parameters.
There are various techniques for applying this compensation. This can be done in DCS software. Now a days there are special function blocks available to carryout this compensation. One can also use a dedicated Flow Computer, to which LIVE values of Pressure & Temperature can be fed through standard signals...
In your application it may depend on what resources you have and what application it is.... Refer to your Flowmeter manual book, and dig out some useful info.