I'm curious about the odd shape of some railway tank cars. Most I see are simply cylindrical with various ends, depending on whether they are pressurized or not. However, I have recently noticed some tanks that have a shape somewhat like a sausage--slightly narrower in the middle and curving upwards towards each end. The bottom side of the tank seems to be straight. I cannot tell if the horizontal diameter of the tank increases towards each end, but the vertical diameter is at least 6-12" taller at each end than in the middle.
What is the reason for this odd shape, which must be a challenge to build, compared to a plain cylindrical tank?