Extending Calcium Hypochlorite

Here's a thought..................it's would actually be healthy too.

http://www.metamucil.com/metamucil-clear-and-natural.php

Since the water has been flocced I would like to stay away from carbon based materials. Not sure how metamucil would react being packed with a strong oxidizer. When Chlorine is mixed with organics THM's or in this case chlorform can be created and am trying to stay away from this.

Good point. If you're talking small quantities, common baking soda might do the trick.

Calcium and magnesium are also common dissolved solids in water. They make the water a little harder, but still drinkable.

mmm... what about water?

Yes water would work. The calcium hypochlorite is granular. To keep packaging simple I would like to mix it with another granular material. Mix and package and heat seal in small plastic bags. I did think of using sodium hypochlorite liquid also. I beleive to keep it granular would be the easiest overall if I can find the right material.

If you insist on something granular, then any granular food product seems like an obvious choice. Depending on the concentration you want you could use common table salt (NaCl), common sugar (sucrose), or any of the myriad of other food grade granular products that may or may not add a tell tale taste.

This idea may be something that could be successful.

Package HTH granular (65% chlorine) in 1 gram packets. At the project location, disolve the 1 gram HTH in 700 ml water. Mix 100 ml solution into each 5 gal water. for 5 PPM chlorine mixture. Don't use water for minimum of 12 hours. Test for free residule chlorine after 12 hours. Adjust solution mixture to produce the desired residual chlorine content.

Iron, organics, and other materials will reduce free chlorine. Experiment to find the proper solution mixture for the water source.

Rustyh20, I think you need to obtain a copy of this fantastic textbook in order to fully understand and appreciate the complexities of water chlorination:

"Handbook of Chlorination and Alternative Disinfectants, 4th (or 5th) Edition, by George Clifford White, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. publishers.

This is THE bible of water disinfection, used around the world by water treatment engineers (ie, Environmental).

IF you cannot find a copy of , either new or used, I can send you an ebook copy of it.

Q: What are you doing to remove soluble and insoluble organics from the raw water?

Q: You mentioned flocculation, so what are the chemicals you are using, and what exactly are you trying to remove (and their respective concentrations in the raw water)? Are any compounds exceeding your state and USEPA MCL?

Q: Raw water source type?

Q: Treatment unit processes and equipment?

Just a side note, even with Calcium Hypochlorite or Sodium Hypochlorite, there will be some degree free chloride residual that could possibly react with organics (THM precursors) in your raw water, unless you can remove them by an effective treatment method. You'll never completely remove them, but you can lower them to acceptable levels.

Q: Have you even conducted Bench Testing (Jar Tests) of several different treatment chemicals that are for flocculation and sedimentation? Results? It is imperative that you conduct these tests, both for maximum effectiveness and economical reasons.....a "best fit" overall.

Signed,

CaptMoosie, MSCE/PhD/PE

Civil, Structural & Environmental Engineering.

(Water Treatment plant design is my niche engineering....)

Hello CaptMoosie,

Thanks for the reply. I did find the book in print. Its a little pricey but probably worth it. If you want to e-mail me an e-book copy I would not refuse it.

Removing of organics and suspended solids is being done through coagulation/flocculation. I have been doing bench tests with a fllocculating agent available here in the US designed for potable water. It has shown very good results and is fast working. I am doing product development for use in developing countries where any water quality improvment is a good one. With good flocculation technique and proper disinfection The water would show very good improvement.

There is some testing still to be done of the water contaminants. One area shows true colloidal in the water but with the bentonite based coagulant the samples have been at least visually cleared up.

The raw water will come from several sources. River, lake, well or small pond. From region to region and depending on the season and weather patterns turbidity and bacteria comtamination will vary. During the rainey season the causes and chances increase even in remote areas when fecal matter wash into the water supply. This contains typhoid, dysentery, cholera, and amoebic cysts. I have not yet tested for cyst reduction through this coagulation/flocculation technique but beleive it will help.

In these remote areas batch treatment can work well. Treating small batches by first floccing and straining will remove much of the organic matter. After this chlorinating will be the next step. In people groups where there is resistance to using chlorine because of taste and smell a third step of reducing the chlorine can be used. I would rather not do this because residual chlorine will continue to protect the water. They could also reduce the chlorine just before use.

Floccing, straining and then chlorinating would help to keep thm's at a minimum. Small batches work well in areas where there is no electricity. All systems in developing countries have their own set of problems. I build small batch sodium hypochlorite generation systems and have used them in African countries. They are easy enough to set up at a central location where there is electricity. These have produced good success in reduction of water related disease. There is always the concern of thm's but I have to ask which is worse. Some thm's or disease such as typhoid....

thanks

Rusty

Hello Rusty,

I'd be glad to send you a copy of the ebook. Printed copies are very expensive!

If you're able to open files with a *.CHM extension I could send it in that form, otherwise you must be able to open and unzip a WinRAR file. So, please tell me what type of file you can open, okay?

Also, PM at my profile to provide me with a valid email addie.

Thanks for providing some more information regarding your program. It is interesting and helpful. Unfortunately I do not have the item to adequately respond to your last posting and comments in order to help you along further. I have a client showing up here in a few moments time for a meeting. Sorry about that, but business is business, as they say!

Once you tell me what form of file you're able to open I can send it to you this late afternoon or evening.

Have a great sunny day!

===CM

ps: I see that you're located in NC....what part? Years ago I served at Ft. Bragg while in the Army (Rangers). It's a very kewl place (especially the JFK Special Forces Center), and in a way I miss all of the "hustle and bustle" of the place. One of these days I have to get down there and see the new Airborne Museum in Fayetteville! Maybe my next trip down to North Myrtle Beach I swing over and visit it and the base......ya never know IF you run into old buddies! :-) Anyhow, I miss the Pulled Pork sandwiches and NC-style BBQ of all types + southern grits, deep-fried chicken and Hush Puppies, as ya can't get those up north......**GRINZ & YUMMERS**

Best thing to dilute it with is clean water.

Calcium hypochlorite is a soluble solid. Concurring with others, the best thing to do is to dilute it with water.

Keep it as solid for storage purposes, as in this form it doesn't "go off".

(N)

Thanks everyone

Like I said earlier. I need to cut it and package it. It would be difficult to package 2 grams of liquid in plastic bags. So then I would add the small bags of granular hypo into buckets of water for use. Many times we carry duffel bags full of product.

Sure for larger batches of a few liters using water makes sense.

I may have found the right material through researching the chemical analysis on the msds. Just waiting on a confirmation from the manufacturer.