Speaking of Precision Blog

Speaking of Precision

Speaking of Precision is a knowledge preservation and thought leadership blog covering the precision machining industry, its materials and services. With over 36 years of hands on experience in steelmaking, manufacturing, quality, and management, Miles Free (Milo) Director of Industry Research and Technology at PMPA helps answer "How?" "With what?" and occasionally "Really?"

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1.79 Cents for Your Thoughts

Posted February 08, 2011 9:00 AM by Milo

It is difficult to make money making small metallic parts. Just ask the folks who make money over at the US mint. (And they have a monopoly!)

1.79 cents for your thoughts...

The unit cost of producing and distributing the penny: $0.0179

Back in the day, these were over 90% copper. Today, they would cost about 2.5 cents.

According to the 2010 US Mint Annual Report, the penny, nickel and dime made up 87.7% of total shipments - 5,399,000,00 circulating coins produced in 2010.

You think you have raw material price increases?

The per unit cost of the blanks for nickel rose 2.3 cents over 2009, increasing total nickel cost by 52.9 %.

Cost up 52.9%, but its still just a nickel.

So what did it cost the mint to make that 2010 nickel in your pocket?

$0.0922

Thats 9.2 cents

Fortunately, they make it up with volume, on the dime and quarter, which cost $0.0569 and $0.1278 to produce and distribute respectively.

If there is a lesson in all this, it just might be that "nobody, not even a government monopoly, makes any money producing the cheap metallic parts. Even in high volumes."

P.S.: And hats off to the production and management team at the U.S.Mint. They did it while experiencing a 15 year low in injuries and illnesses - a record year for safety.

Penny Photo Credit

Nickel Photo Credit

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#1

Re: 1.79 Cents for Your Thoughts

02/08/2011 9:20 AM

If it costs $0.092 to make a nickel (a 5 cent coin), that would make counterfeiting it a pretty low percentage deal!

This will only fuel the fire for those lobbying for a cashless economy, a red herring arguement.

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#2

Re: 1.79 Cents for Your Thoughts

02/08/2011 9:30 AM

Various military branches don't use metallic coins when stationed far from home. First to go is pennies, you don't get any in your change. Next, in hot zones the U.S. don't use metal coins at all. If you go to the U.S. Stores you get paper or plastic round 'pogs' with motivational pictures and numerical values on them in your change.

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#3

Re: 1.79 Cents for Your Thoughts

02/08/2011 3:36 PM

I remember as kids a few of us tried filing down electrical box slugs to work as nickels and quarters in the candy machines around town.

We thought we got a way with murder when a few of them actually worked and paid off! Granted it took an hour or better for each one and involved blisters, scrapes, and cuts but man O man that 1/2 a cent worth of candy we got free really tasted good!

Now years later I hope my niece doesn't figure out that her uncles lathe can pop out fake quarter slugs in a mass quantitys with little effort if she set it up right.

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#4
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Re: 1.79 Cents for Your Thoughts

02/08/2011 3:50 PM

While it may be possible to still fool a coin op vending machine, they can detect quite a bit. They usually have a magnet in them so no magnetic metals, they also check that the size and weight are also in spec. I am sure you could get away with it in some machines, but still not worth it. Of course many vending machines don't even take coins now, so all in all even with a lathe, still not worth it.

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#6
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Re: 1.79 Cents for Your Thoughts

02/08/2011 4:55 PM

That was about 25 or so years ago. Coin op candy/gum ball machines didn't really care just as long as the diameter and thickness where close.

For a handful of 11 and 12 year olds we where master counterfeiters, in our minds anyway, and not concerned about getting caught. That mall candy machine owner never knew what hit him! We probably made off with a good honest $1's worth, his cost, of goodies over a months time before we ran out of slugs to file down.

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#5

Re: 1.79 Cents for Your Thoughts

02/08/2011 4:03 PM

Australia has already moved past that point and made decisive action relating to the "small change" issue. We no longer have 1 cent and 2 cent coins. Each account (paid in cash) is rounded up/down to the nearest 5 cent.

Electronic funds are still accounted to the cent.

From what the article hints at, the US "penny" will soon be heading west. I've got a few that I brought home from visits over there as mementos of those adventures.

BTW, years ago (1966) Australia had a round 50 cent coin that had a high silver content. Within 2 years, the coin was worth more as scrap metal than the face value and was removed from circulation and replaced by a 12 sided coin.

If metal values continue the way they are, it will soon become profitable to collect pennies from the banks and sell them to scrap merchants.

As an aside, there are some wonderful sayings that seem to have roots in your coin.

From an auctioneer: "In God we trust, all others must bring cash."

Or from a manufacturign Engineer: "In God we trust, all others must bring DATA."

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#13
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Re: 1.79 Cents for Your Thoughts

02/11/2011 3:48 AM

BTW, years ago (1966) Australia had a round 50 cent coin that had a high silver content. Within 2 years, the coin was worth more as scrap metal than the face value and was removed from circulation and replaced by a 12 sided coin. A 12 sided coin? Post pictures please. Never been to Australia!

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#14
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Re: 1.79 Cents for Your Thoughts

02/13/2011 3:47 PM

This is where it gets "interesting". Australia has taken advantage of the currency in circulation to celebrate events and characters in our history. The coins change each year to match a theme. Makes collecting them a real adventure.

This is a 2005 coin showing some sporting and indiginous activities.

By the way, today (February 14) is the anniversary of the introduction of decimal currency into Australia in 1966.

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#15
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Re: 1.79 Cents for Your Thoughts

02/14/2011 7:15 AM

Thanks...it is beautiful.I lke the motief too. Perhaps this makes it slightly difficult to counter-feit. How rife is this in Australia?

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Re: 1.79 Cents for Your Thoughts

02/14/2011 3:40 PM

I haven't heard of any counterfiet coins in circulation. The quality of original coins is difficult to reproduce and there are many inbuilt protections against such. (Coin operated equipment and bank counting equipment seem to work well.) The weights and size steps for the various denominations have been well considered.

Our notes are "plastic" with significant durability compared to the "paper" money that was previously used. This provides opportunity for "hologram" security as well as extremely good resolution and no smudging. The notes do not deteriorate when washed, and they don't tear readily.

There have been three (serious and publicised) attempts to counterfeit notes, but they have been quite easy to detect. The most recent was a $50.00 note scam that missed at least four security details in the notes. A few shopkeepers got "stung" with passed notes.

So, from a public perspective it would seem that counterfeiting in not common in Aus.

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#7

Re: 1.79 Cents for Your Thoughts

02/09/2011 6:30 AM

Here in the UK, those who counterfiet money are on to a big thing, they are making millions of one pound coins, and the only difference is that the front and back don't always match up, I have three of them in my pocket, so many of them have been produced, so somebody must be making money out of counterfieting these one pound coins, or they wouldn't do it?

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#8

Re: 1.79 Cents for Your Thoughts

02/09/2011 9:50 AM

Buy nickels from the bank and sell on metals market. 40% ain't bad for profit points.

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#9

Re: 1.79 Cents for Your Thoughts

02/09/2011 11:29 AM

Except in the US not that much nickle is actually used

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#10
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Re: 1.79 Cents for Your Thoughts

02/09/2011 11:48 AM

An American nickel is 3.75 gram Cu and 1.25 gram Ni. The metal prices I checked yesterday place melt value at about $0.076 per coin.

If you stumble across some WWII era USA nickels, they contain 2.8 gram Cu, and 1.75 gram of Ag.

In addition: Milo, I smile and nod my head in agreement "If there is a lesson in all this, it just might be that "nobody, not even a government monopoly, makes any money producing the cheap metallic parts. Even in high volumes."

Sad but so true.

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#11
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Re: 1.79 Cents for Your Thoughts

02/09/2011 2:35 PM

Back in the 1982 pennies where made out of 95% copper that year but the price of copper spiked high enough that those pennies became worth more for scrap than face value.

It was also why the penny changed from 95% copper to copper plated zinc again which put them down around 2.5% copper now.

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#12

Re: 1.79 Cents for Your Thoughts

02/09/2011 4:51 PM

The value and the cost of things has always fascinated me. It is a very weird ratio. With money, it is even worse than most goods. The Quantative Easing (QE) policy that has been adopted by the USA at the urging of Ben Bernanke has amazed me. What has that done to the value of the US dollar? Obviously reduced it considerably with QE1 and QE2, now I am hearing whispers of QE3.

If the value of the dollar goes down then the dollar value of tangible assets goes up. Is this what Ben B is trying to achieve? Another possibility is that he is trying to reduce the deficit by reducing the Value of the deficit. Maybe that is a noble way to do it?

My major concern is that if the USA had any enemies that wanted to do them a serious injury with little chance of retaliation a printing press and a couple of sets of $100 or $50 plates would be a good way to help push the currency down that slippery slope.

Technically the only thing tricky about the US paper dollars is the paper, particularly its wear resistance. That is not a serious hurdle for a counterfeiter, they only have to pass it of the first time. If it looks a bit worn after a week it has already achieved its purpose. It may even help fan a lack of confidence in the currency.

That is the strange thing about money that is not based on anything other than confidence. It becomes like the share market, the value is based on the opinion of the market. If the market gets spooked the price falls to a point where the tangible assets make the shares look good to someone.

With a coin you have the underlying value of the metal but what is the tangible assets that support a US dollar?

BAB

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