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Several weeks ago I outlined the protocol for an internet
doomsday. If there ever comes a day where the internet has been shut down
or maliciously compromised, there are a handful of World Wide Web white knights
that can reboot the entire network. They have piecemeal credentials that, once
assembled at a secret server location, can resurrect humanity's largest
collections of cat pictures, social media nonsense and red herring arguments.
It's a great plan and a sorely-needed backup. There are a
handful of political groups who aggressively target the internet as a whole.
Yet, there are thousands of groups that only target particular segments of the
internet or want to water down its usage in the name of profit.
Obviously internet service providers are the biggest culprit
here. As people have started to rely more heavily on video streaming sites and
other high bandwidth websites, ISPs are interested in throttling down the data
transfer rates of customers using these services to save on operation costs. In the U.S., the Federal Communications Commission ruled that ISPs could not
discriminate data traffic based on content, but this ruling was ultimately
overturned in court in early 2014, and ISPs have been accused of favoring
certain types of traffic ever since. Currently, the
FCC is debating whether ISPs should be able to charge for internet
prioritization, or if ISPs should be treated like a utility company that must
offer the same data speeds across all internet subscriptions. A ruling is expected next year.
Even with the FCC's ruling, a decade or more of court litigation, lobbying and political back-channeling (from both sides of the argument) is going to occur. Net
neutrality has already been a consideration of advocates for twenty years and will
continue to be a major issue. So just like if the instance of the internet
doomsday, if the internet becomes limited and mitigated to an unacceptable
degree, there is back-up.
This back-up would be the Outernet--a stark contrast to the
internet.
The Outernet is a program initiated by the non-profit
organization Media Development Investment Fund and its goal is to provide free
internet access to all parts of the world. It would use geostationary and low
Earth orbit satellites to transmit data to receivers on the ground. To access
the Outernet, people have two options. The first is to purchase an Outernet
Pillar, which is a PV-powered, weather-resistant receiver and media storage
system that creates a Wi-Fi hotspot within its vicinity. The second, would be
to create a DIY receiver, containing items such as a single-board computer,
antenna and USB satellite tuner. While creating a receiver requires a large
capital expense, the expectation is that a single receiver could be used by a
small community or school.

There are several advantages to the Outernet. First,
governments would have a hard time censoring resources on the Outernet, and
would also find it difficult to curtail people from constructing DIY receivers.
The Outernet would be available in times of blackout (as long as the receiver
has a power supply) and can help maintain communication channels during crises.
It also supplies internet access to the 2/3 of the world's population that has
none. The platform is also completely open-source.
As you read, Outernet is broadcasting news, weather info,
commodity prices, educational resources, Wikipedia (in its entirety) and
open-source blueprints to North America and Europe. It's currently in a test-phase
and can only deliver 200 MB of data per day in one-way traffic. The company is
also planning on implementing mobile coverage via the same network.
There are many criticisms and obstacles for the ambitious
Outernet project. Many of the remote and third-world individuals who could
benefit from Outernet would likely prefer better living conditions, such as improved
sanitary conditions and fresh water, over internet access. There is also the
right to dissociate: perhaps some people around the world don't want Western
ideas and information transmitted in their country. It could be that an Outernet
satellite is the first victim of an orbital missile. Outernet is also creeping
into the territory of the telecom industry that started this net neutrality
matter in the first place, meaning that a legal and financial battle against an
entire industry looms. Similar projects, such as Google's Project Loon, has
similar ambitions, is a bit cheaper and has the financial capital of a telecom
giant.
When the internet first arrived, editorial styles required
it be used as a proper name, and it therefore received capitalization:
Internet. As it developed and proliferated, it was lowercased. Hopefully one
day I'll be writing "outernet" instead of "Outerrnet."
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