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Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 8:24 AM

I've been interested in Quantum Computing since the early 2000s because of its potential to revolutionize materials science (see here). A few years back I wrote an article talking about Google's aggressive pursuit of Quantum Computing (article found here). Now it looks like Google is ready to demonstrate quantum computing supremacy, which basically is a term that means a quantum computer built by Google will solve a problem that a supercomputer can't. Quantum computers, because of the way that they work, can solve some classes of problems that can't be solve by traditional computers and thus you don't need a very big Quantum computer to do some amazing stuff.

Here is the article talking about Google's preparations for this momentous moment:

Google’s New Chip Is a Stepping Stone to Quantum Computing Supremacy

He’s leader of the Google research group working on building astonishingly powerful computer chips that manipulate data using the quirks of quantum physics. By the end of this year, Martinis says, his team will build a device that achieves “quantum supremacy,” meaning it can perform a particular calculation that’s beyond the reach of any conventional computer. Proof will come from a kind of drag race between Google’s chip and one of the world’s largest supercomputers.

“We think we’re ready to do this experiment. It’s something we can do now,” says Martinis.

One reason for his confidence is that Google’s roughly 25-strong group has made a new quantum chip that tests out key design features needed to make a device for that head-to-head contest.

Quantum chips represent digital bits of data using qubits, devices that can shortcut through some tough calculations by exploiting the counterintuitive physics of quantum mechanics. Researchers have so far demonstrated quantum computing with only small groups of qubits, though. Google has released results from a chip that has nine qubits arranged in a line, but Martinis says he’ll need a grid of 49 qubits for his quantum supremacy experiment.

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#1

Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 9:12 AM

It's quite a task (technology application as well as resources) that google is building its own chip technology for its quantum computer.

I wonder how much they can (or going to) push it in other areas to accomplish this such as using/developing super conductive materials.

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#7
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 12:44 PM

To date quantum computers are already cooled to cryogenic temperatures and isolated from their surroundings (to prevent interference from stray magnetic and electric fields, etc.) in order to minimise decoherence. Maintaining coherence is key to making these machines work. However, keeping these computers so refrigerated consumes a lot of power and takes up a great deal of space. The push is to make these computers work at room temperature, a very difficult problem.

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#8
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 12:47 PM

No easy task...

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#2

Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 10:21 AM

No it won't...

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#3
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 10:24 AM

They'll just borrow Microsoft business plan... you know... the blue screen you have is now a standard of your operating system.

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#4

Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 10:36 AM

This will just get tangled up with the uncertainty of how AI come to a conclusion. Just because any calculating machine, from Charles Babbage's work until today, comes up with an answer doesn't mean it must be a unique answer or even a correct answer. When it becomes impossible to verify how a conclusion was drawn aren't we just coming back to relying on hallucinating mystics and oracles.

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#5
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 10:51 AM

Is Bayes correct? Magic 8 ball quantuum machine says "most likely"....

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#6
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 12:17 PM

Gotta love it. All I know is that Noah had to measure his Ark 30 cubits in width.

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#9
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 12:58 PM

"This will just get tangled up with the uncertainty of how AI come to a conclusion."

Entangled.

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#10
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 1:28 PM

As part of a system, isn't everything entangled?...and as such, isn't it just our perception that falls short of recognition....?

https://www.quantamagazine.org/20160428-entanglement-made-simple/

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#12
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 1:35 PM

No. The polarisation of photons streaming from my desklamp for example is independant from and uncorrelated with that of those from your kitchen light.

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#15
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 1:43 PM

....or is it?...

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#27
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 2:30 PM

Ah, the Devil's Fork (aka the Three-Stick Clevis). As researchers could not agree on how many sticks there were, they finally gave up and decided to ray-trace bowls of jello instead.

Previous researchers have observed that, under certain conditions, Jell-O wiggles [8]. We have been able to simulate these unique and complex Jell-O dynamics using spatial deformations [1] and other hairy mathematics. From previous research with rendering systems, we have learned that a good dose of gratuitous partial differential equations is needed to meet the paper quota for impressive formulas.

Therefore, we solve the Schrodinger wave equation for the Jell-O field J:

_2 2m V J + -- (E - V)J = 0. h

Transforming to a spherical coordinate system [7],

_ dJ 1 dJ 1 dJ VJ = E -- + E - -- + E ----- -- x dr y r dO z rsinO dP 2 _2 1 d 2 dJ 1 d dJ 1 d J V J = -- -- (r --) + ------ -- (sinO --) + ------- --- 2 dr dr 2 dO dO 2 2 2 r r sinO r sin O dP

I am NOT going to sort out the mess CR4's editor made of the above equations.

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#29
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 3:17 PM

In other words

J = 0

https://vimeo.com/31011006

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#30
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 3:25 PM

All the best ones are.

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#31
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 3:30 PM

NOOOO. It is J-E-L-L-O ≠ 0 , in all field gradients, something is jiggity. Although, nearly all integrals to time = ∞ result in zero motion, the notable exception being Jell-O cast on the walls of McMurry University Cafeteria. It takes forever for it to slide - all - the - way - down. Only the elite chefs at McMurry University Cafeteria ever formulated a Jell-O concoction that had such an affinity for glazed wall tile, and it never bounced off.

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#11
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 1:30 PM

Somebody would eventually catch that.

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#25
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 2:21 PM

But it was uncertain when.

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#13
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 1:35 PM

Yeah, with quantum entanglement at a distance, data rates could be ???

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#14
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 1:42 PM

... no faster than the speed of light allows. The speed of light isn't the limiting factor, but the fundamental speed at which information can travel. The speed of light simply happens to be that same speed.

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#16
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 1:44 PM

Then the particles interrogated have to simultaneously admit to the crime, and report back with virtual photons?

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#17
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 1:53 PM

In the quantum world entangled particles comprise a quantum system. When you measure any one of its components, you are measuring the whole system, one described by a single wavefunction. From its standpoint, there are no separate particles, and so no 'communication' is involved nor required by virtual photons or otherwise. Only in the classical sense are the components separate entities having their own states, and only after a measurement decoheres the system.

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#28
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 2:49 PM

I always looked at quantum entanglement as a paradox of classical mechanics looking at quantum mechanics.

If you think entanglement is weird then you wouldn't want to be Schrodinger's pet. Meow.

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#18
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 1:55 PM

That's where the Higgs Boson comes into affect.

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#22
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 2:06 PM

The Higg's boson has nothing to do with this. In fact the Higgs field does not interact with photons at all (which is why they are massless), and yet they can be entangled. Entanglement is a property fundamental to quantum mechanics as a whole and transcends the properties of particular particles. It is those properties that can be entangled, not facilitated by them.

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#32
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 5:51 PM

Photons have relativistic 'mass' inversely proportional to their wavelength...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_sail

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#33
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 6:28 PM

Photons do not have rest mass because they do not come with a rest frame. Their energy gives them an E/c2 equivalent mass which manifests as h/λ momentum (in the case of the solar sail for ex.) but they are massless and thus have zero rest energy. The Higgs field does not play a part.

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#34
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 7:50 PM

No, photons do not have mass. They do have momentum which is proportional to their wavelength but that momentum is not proportional to their velocity for they have zero mass.

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#35
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 8:08 PM

Oops, momentum should either be proportional to frequency or inversely proportional to wavelength.

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#38
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/25/2017 9:58 AM

Photons will invalidate general relativity if it has mass. Since photons are propagating in the speed of light then time is very very slow or could be approaching zero when you are riding on it. But, they still travel in the realm of the 4th dimension. Such a contradicting extrapolation. Light might have no dimensions at all. I don't know but its weird, like a spaghetti. I like spaghetti but Andrew don't. He would order soup. =)

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#39
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/25/2017 3:12 PM

Been hittin' the hooch, have we?

I'm not even gonna try to decipher what you just wrote.

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#40
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/25/2017 3:19 PM

Must be that Filipino beer has spaghetti strings in it. That or he needs to report what weed they smoke over there.

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#41
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/26/2017 10:07 AM

Totally not a good idea, buddy. As Duterte is quite hot on that stuff these days. Given his track record saying a word and fulfilling it himself. I guess he is a follower of pennywise coz he also float like others too. I have bad feeling about the guy. He must be the number 8. Mars or Apollon, may be.

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#19

Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 1:57 PM

The development of quantum computers affects data encryption. Shor's Algorithm is a quantum algorithm for factoring large numbers in polynomial time. Factoring is important in Public Key systems and quantum computers will make it much less secure.

http://wstein.org/edu/2010/414/projects/chu.pdf

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#20
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 1:59 PM

Shor's Algorithm is a quantum algorithm for factoring large numbers in polynomial time. Factoring is important in Public Key systems and quantum computers will make it much less secure.

I had understood that quantum computers would make it obsolete.

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#21
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 2:01 PM

Quite the opposite. Shor's Algorithm is what prompted intensive research into quantum computing.

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#23
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 2:12 PM

Thanks,... I copied and pasted too much should have read it more closely.... But my point still stands that it would make the conventional encryption obsolete.

Factoring is important in Public Key systems and quantum computers will make it much less secure.

an excerpt; from the link

Shor's algorithm could be used to break public-key cryptography schemes such as the widely used RSA scheme. RSA is based on the assumption that factoring large numbers is computationally intractable. So far as is known, this assumption is valid for classical (non-quantum) computers; no classical algorithm is known that can factor in polynomial time. However, Shor's algorithm shows that factoring is efficient on an ideal quantum computer, so it may be feasible to defeat RSA by constructing a large quantum computer.

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#24
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Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 2:18 PM

Yes, that is certainly true. Enter quantum cryptography.

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#26

Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/24/2017 2:27 PM

Here's a good article on how quantum computing will help Chemistry.

https://www.technologyreview.com/s/603794/chemists-are-first-in-line-for-quantum-computings-benefits/

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#36

Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/25/2017 3:22 AM

So who programs these computers, to setup their way/form of reasoning?

Or are they self taught.

After all, it's only a machine and, only as good as the people programming it. So inevitable they will have human flaws and fallibilities.

Garbage IN, garbage OUT.

Until the machine gets to a point where it's self aware and, can make decisions for itself. Then we're in trouble.

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#37

Re: Quantum Computing Age Will Start This Year

04/25/2017 9:51 AM

They probably need a quantum nippers, screw drivers, screws and all sorts to fix that one. It ain't an easy job. I tell you that.

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