Not knowing the breakdown rates for Walnut shells, I would look at using them as a substitute for a Sand Filter.
Or for aquariums something along the line of "Bio Balls" where surface area is the key requirement. These become the base for an algae that eats amonia and oxygenates the water for the fish.
Sapper
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Walnut shells do not have any trace insecticides or herbicides such as arsenic or cyanide in them. They are all natural and we clean them in our grinding process. As far as tanic acid goes, the amount has never been measured, but it does wash off eventually.
Walnut Shell is used as a substitute for sand filters. Sand has silica in it and is not an acceptable product as 'green'. Walnut shell has been used for years in filtration units. It is also excellent for mold. There are several articles on the internet, just put in 'walnut shell vs mold' and you will see.
Crushed and carbonised nut shells can be used to make granulated activated carbon [GAC]. GAC is widely used in the water treatment arena for removing tastes, smells and oxidising agents such as free chorine from waters prior to further processing, or for drinking. There are large numbers of suppliers worldwide. Local suppliers may be found anywhere from the commercial section of the telephone directory to internet search engines.
A replacement under-the-worktop carbon filter for treating 2000L of water for use in the kitchen can be had from on-line suppliers for less than £10GBP.
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