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Wow, Where's My Roller Skates?

09/18/2014 8:16 AM

Is this the world's largest skating rink?

Well no this is actually a picture of the future, which surprisingly enough is taking place in Russia right now....

"Russia's 'Breakthrough' energy project enables closed a nuclear fuel cycle and a future without radioactive waste. The first batch of MOX nuclear fuel has been manufactured for the world's only NPP industrially power generating breeder reactors.

The first ten kilograms of the mixed-oxide fuel (MOX) - a mixture of plutonium and uranium dioxides (UO2 and PuO2), have been industrially produced by Russia's nuclear monopoly, Rosatom, at the Mining & Chemical Combine (GKhK) in the Krasnoyarsk region.

A world first, tablets of the fuel of the future have been put on serial production and are destined for Russia's next generation BN-800 breeder reactor (880 megawatts), currently undergoing tests at the Beloyarskaya nuclear power plant.

The production line, now undergoing start-up and adjustment, was assembled in a mine 200 meters underground and will become fully operational by the end of 2014.

Fast fission reactors solve the problem of depleted uranium nuclear fuel on the planet. They can 'burn' not only 'classic' uranium-235, (scarce and already coming to an end), but also uranium-238, which is abundant, and expands the world's nuclear fuel capacity by an estimated 50 times.

Fuel for breeder reactors could even be made from nuclear waste, which from an ecological point of view is a priceless advantage.

The GKhK facility will be equipped with a unique dissolvent reactor that will break down nuclear waste containing plutonium and extract plutonium dioxide to be used in MOX-fuel production.

Also, while producing electric energy, breeder reactors actually generate more fissile material, and that one also can be used as nuclear fuel.

The GKhK plant is Russia's leading full nuclear fuel cycle complex, processing nuclear waste from power generating nuclear reactors to establish future nuclear fuel ring closure."

"Humankind has already produced so much nuclear waste that it would take decades, if not hundreds of years to process and recycle it. As of now, the only light at the end of the tunnel is fast-neutron reactor technology.

The fast-neutron nuclear - or breeder - reactors use technology that enables the use of a wider range of radioactive elements as fuel, thus considerably enlarging the potential stock of nuclear fuel for electric power generation.
Russia is the only country that operates fast neutron reactors industrially.

After decades of research, practically all breeder reactor projects around the world, including in the US, France, Japan and several other countries possessing nuclear energy technologies, were closed down. The only country that currently has operating breeder reactor power generation is Russia.

Over the last 50 years the USSR, then Russia, introduced a number of industrial and research fast neutron reactors. One of them, the BN-600 (600 megawatt), running at the Beloyarskaya nuclear power plant since 1980, is the only fast neutron reactor in the world that generates electricity on an industrial scale. The BN-600 is also the most powerful operable fast neutron reactor in the world."....

http://rt.com/news/188332-mox-nuclear-fuel-production/

Another good idea.....

http://rt.com/news/floating-nuclear-plant-russia-759/

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#1

Re: Wow,, where's my roller skates.?

09/18/2014 8:44 AM

And why Russia? No one in the USA ever came up with this idea?

Not being nearly as smart as you all, I'd like to know if this new material and facility is safe from melt down like Chernobyl did or the Japanese reactor after the tsunami.

It would make a beautiful skate rink...or one giant net shop!

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#3
In reply to #1

Re: Wow,, where's my roller skates.?

09/18/2014 9:57 AM

Because of all the past negative response by the public and the media. You think any US company would admit to working on something like this. At lease not until it show positive results.

They do say it's 200 meters underground. That gives you some containment if there is an accident.

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#16
In reply to #1

Re: Wow,, where's my roller skates.?

09/19/2014 8:15 AM

I'm please that it's being developed/tested as far away from me as possible!

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#17
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Re: Wow,, where's my roller skates.?

09/19/2014 9:46 AM

"And why Russia? No one in the USA ever came up with this idea?"

We probably did, but 'No more Nukes, Burn more Coal/Oil" activists make it hard to move forward with any viable atomic energy plan in this nation.

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#19
In reply to #17

Re: Wow,, where's my roller skates.?

09/19/2014 11:30 AM

I agree. NIMBY's are the consummate fools and the end of us all. The prudent man seeks wisdom that cries out in the market place, but few can hear it.

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#2

Re: Wow,, where's my roller skates.?

09/18/2014 8:47 AM

I don't see why it can't be a nuclear power plant AND a skate rink, but I guess that can be said about most things and places.

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#4

Re: Wow, Where's My Roller Skates?

09/18/2014 2:14 PM

Wow, Where's Where Are My Roller Skates?

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#11
In reply to #4

Re: Wow, Where's My Roller Skates?

09/18/2014 6:08 PM

The old ones, or the new ones?

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#5

Re: Wow, Where's My Roller Skates?

09/18/2014 2:23 PM

what is the difference in U-235 and U-238? * simple terms please*

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#6
In reply to #5

Re: Wow, Where's My Roller Skates?

09/18/2014 3:25 PM

U-235 isotope = Kaboom; U-238 isotope = no kaboom.

U-235, fewer neutrons, less stable, used for fission bombs.

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#7
In reply to #6

Re: Wow, Where's My Roller Skates?

09/18/2014 3:31 PM

OK. got the Kaboom part.

Care to educate me on how they turn the old nuclear waste into a fuel source?

You may not be able to make this so simple but I can hang in there with a little physics. ha ha

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#10
In reply to #7

Re: Wow, Where's My Roller Skates?

09/18/2014 4:23 PM

It remains a fuel source as it is....usually only 10% of the energy is used....there are many different versions of reprocessing, each aimed at producing certain materials for the purpose of a certain design of reactor....there are many different types and versions of nuclear reactors....here's one type of processing steps...

"The used fuel is chopped up and dissolved in hot concentrated nitric acid. The first stage separates the uranium and plutonium in the aqueous nitric acid stream from the fission products and minor actinides by a countercurrent solvent extraction process, using tributyl phosphate dissolved in kerosene or dodecane. In a pulsed column uranium and plutonium enter the organic phase while the fission products and other elements remain in the aqueous raffinate.

In a second pulsed column uranium is separated from plutonium by reduction with excess U4+ added to the aqueous stream. Plutonium is then transferred to the aqueous phase while the mixture of U4+ and U6+ remains in the organic phase. It is then stripped from the organic solvent with dilute nitric acid.

The plutonium nitrate is concentrated by evaporation then subject to an oxalate precipitation process followed by calcination to produce PuO2 in powder form. The uranium nitrate is concentrated by evaporation and calcined to produce UO3 in powder form. It is then converted to UO2 product by reduction in hydrogen. "

Read this ↓ and you will have a better understanding of the history of processing spent fuel, why things are as they are now, and how much spent fuel is being processed and who is doing the processing....

http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/Nuclear-Fuel-Cycle/Fuel-Recycling/Processing-of-Used-Nuclear-Fuel/

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#12
In reply to #10

Re: Wow, Where's My Roller Skates?

09/18/2014 6:57 PM

OK.

  • What is a Pulsed column?
  • When you say organic phase you mean solid?
  • Aqueous is liquefied?
  • U4 and U6 are byproducts of the U-238 or are they another form of the Uranium element?
  • Reduction in hydrogen means they remove hydrogen?

A lot of questions. . . . but this stuff is fascinating. The links are too detailed for me and the terms and wordage is above my pay grade.

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#13
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Re: Wow, Where's My Roller Skates?

09/18/2014 7:30 PM

"A solvent extraction pulsed column is drastically different from a mixer-settler in outward appearance but the basic functions are the same.

A Pulsed Column consists of a large diameter vertical pipe filled alternatively with disc & doughnut shaped baffles which facilitate contact between the immiscible liquids as they pass through the column.The aqueous phase enters through a disperser at the top of the column and the solvent phase enters through a similar device near the bottom. A decanter at each end of the column permits the liquids to coalesce and be poured out separately. When the solvent phase is continuous the interface between the phases is in the lower decanter and when the aqueous phase is continuous, it is in the upper decanter.The columns are pulsed by blowing air as and when required to create the pulses which are controlled using four-way solenoid valves."

http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-66322011000200016

http://www.mixersettlers.com/pulsed.htm

Yes organic phase is solid,,,.

Yes Aqueous is liquid solution...

U-234 and U-236 are isotopes of uranium..of which there are about 10, each with different properties, decay rates...

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_uranium

Yes hydrogen reduction is reducing hydrogen atoms....

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#14
In reply to #13

Re: Wow, Where's My Roller Skates?

09/18/2014 8:13 PM

Thank you for the explanation. I am still in wonderment over who in the hell thought of all of this. I have spent 64 years around dummies!

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#8
In reply to #5

Re: Wow, Where's My Roller Skates?

09/18/2014 3:49 PM

U-235 and U-238 are two isotopes of Uranium, the difference being the number of neutrons in the nucleus (3 more in U-238). (The numbers 235 and 238 are the atomic weights, or the total number of protons (92) plus the number of neutrons.)

U-238 is far more common than U-235. A nucleus of U-235 will fission (break into two) when struck with a neutron, releasing more neutrons and a lot of energy. These released neutrons, after being slowed down, can split more U-235 nucleii, and the process can result in a chain reaction, which in a bomb results in a large mushroom cloud. U-238 nucleii do not fission in this matter.

In a nuclear power plant, this chain reaction is controlled very carefully by inserting control rods which absorb neutrons and keep the reaction from going critical.

One of the main obstacles of developing nuclear fuel is increasing the ratio of the isotopes U-235/U-238 so that chain reaction fission can take place. In a breeder reactor, U-238 can be changed into Plutonium Pu-239 which is fissionable like U-235. This is how breeder reactors release energy and also create new fuel.

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#9
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Re: Wow, Where's My Roller Skates?

09/18/2014 4:03 PM

Thank you and thank you for keeping it simple. I understand.

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#15

Re: Wow, Where's My Roller Skates?

09/19/2014 7:36 AM

I've always wondered why more energy couldn't be extracted out of the so called spent nuclear fuel since its still so radioactive.
I'll read the provided links latter when I have more time. It will probably be way out of my league but I've always been interested in this.

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#18
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Re: Wow, Where's My Roller Skates?

09/19/2014 10:03 AM

As long as there is some radioactivity, energy can be extracted.

The nuclear plants we use on earth are Thermo-nuclear plants, since the nuclear activity is used to heat water to make steam for turbines. (Using multiple 'heat exchangers' typically, the water circulating inside the reactor is used to heat in intermediary unit, which is also a sealed system, and that is used to heat the 'active' water that runs the turbine.)

The deep-space probes we've send out use 'Nuclear batteries,' each battery has a piece of radioactive material in it, surrounded completely by a coil of wire. As the material decays and throws free electrons and protons everywhere, the coil intercepts the charged particles and uses the charge differences to drive current. You could think of it being a 'cousin' to a solar cell, while a solar cell collects photons and makes electricity, a nuclear battery collects electrons and protons to make electricity.

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#20
In reply to #18

Re: Wow, Where's My Roller Skates?

09/19/2014 2:09 PM

Now that sounds like a huge energy source and an easy way to get it.

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#21
In reply to #20

Re: Wow, Where's My Roller Skates?

09/19/2014 2:51 PM

Yeah but a little pricey.....

Commercially-available NanoTritium battery can power microelectronics for 20+ years


http://www.gizmag.com/city-labs-nanotritium-betavoltaic-battery/23720/

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