Engineering News Blog

Engineering News

Latest news of interest to engineers. Sourced from GlobalSpec's Engineering News

Previous in Blog: Images Emerge From Polar Drilling   Next in Blog: Hubble Achieves Deepest View Yet
Close
Close
Close
22 comments
Rate Comments: Nested

Fracking: Untangling Fact From Fiction

Posted December 14, 2012 9:58 AM

From BBC News - Science & Environment:

Should we be concerned about hydraulic fracturing? The government has announced that it will remove a temporary ban on hydraulic fracturing across the UK. Fracking, as it is known, is a controversial technique for recovering gas and oil from shale rock. But how concerned should people be about the environmental impacts?

Read the whole article

Reply

Interested in this topic? By joining CR4 you can "subscribe" to
this discussion and receive notification when new comments are added.

Good Answers:

These comments received enough positive votes to make them "good answers".

"Almost" Good Answers:

Check out these comments that don't yet have enough votes to be "official" good answers and, if you agree with them, vote them!
Guru
Popular Science - Weaponology - New Member Safety - ESD - New Member Hobbies - Fishing - New Member

Join Date: Sep 2006
Location: Near Frankfurt am Main, Germany. 50.390866N, 8.884827E
Posts: 17996
Good Answers: 200
#1

Re: Fracking: Untangling Fact From Fiction

12/15/2012 5:12 AM

Very interesting indeed.

I would imagine that if fracking can relieve stress situations in underground rocks, it may eventually be possible to frack near where earth plates are moving, usually causing big earthquakes, can be changed by fracking to become a series of tiny earthquakes instead of a big one.......

California should take a close look at this, as should Japan and Turkey for example.....if they are lucky, simultaneously, extra deposits of gas and old may also be discovered!

__________________
"What others say about you reveals more about them, than it does you." Anon.
Reply
Guru

Join Date: Oct 2008
Posts: 42355
Good Answers: 1693
#2
In reply to #1

Re: Fracking: Untangling Fact From Fiction

12/15/2012 9:03 AM

What is unmentioned is the fact that toxic chemicals are injected into earth during the fracking process. These then mix with ground water, poisoning the aquifer in the process.

So, you have poisoned ground water and more stealth earthquakes to contend with.

The only benefit of fracking is the additional profits made by the petroleum companies doing the fracking.

The people who get sick from drinking contaminated water and being crushed in an earthquake will have to pay their own medical bills, or spend thousands of dollars they don't have paying lawyers.

The fricking frackers, just say, "prove we did it" we've got more lawyers than you can ever afford.

This is a major, major fraud being carried out by big business, and supported by government.

Reply
Guru

Join Date: Jun 2009
Location: South of Minot North Dakota
Posts: 8376
Good Answers: 775
#3
In reply to #2

Re: Fracking: Untangling Fact From Fiction

12/15/2012 10:40 AM

Got a list and a percentage of those chemicals used?

I do. http://fracfocus.org/chemical-use/what-chemicals-are-used

Reply
Guru

Join Date: Oct 2008
Posts: 42355
Good Answers: 1693
#4
In reply to #3

Re: Fracking: Untangling Fact From Fiction

12/15/2012 10:50 AM

Both propaganda pieces you site are published by chemical/energy companies, or agencies funded by them.

You can't expect me to believe that BS, can you?

I understand where your livelihood comes from, oil, gas and petroleum companies. If you drink the cool-aid, you have to talk the talk, no matter how distorted.

Reply
4
Guru

Join Date: Jun 2009
Location: South of Minot North Dakota
Posts: 8376
Good Answers: 775
#7
In reply to #4

Re: Fracking: Untangling Fact From Fiction

12/15/2012 1:33 PM

Unlike you I don't filter my references sources first to make sure they fit my belief system or personal agenda. I just take what pops up on the search first that gives the most complete info. I thought a link to the CAS listings of the potential chemicals used seems pretty solid to me.

Also I have came to see that the ones making the biggest fuss over it are typically the ones who are also providing the least info opposed to the ones who are skeptical and actually get their info directly from the people doing the work in order to supply the more creditable and also documented info.

Given the lack of properly documented data given, the biased incomplete studies made plus the countless BS stories that have been proved wrong, skewed, incomplete, or worse put forth by the doom an gloom crowd I tend to take the side of the scientific over the closed ears eyes and minds crowd.

BTW I drove truck in the oil fields a few summers ago hauling both returning production water (post frack job returning fluids) and clean frack water and did in fact talk directly with the people who did the frack work and I have seen the chemicals they used here and lets just say you and I have dumped worse in our drains and driveways without second thought.

On top of that the water that comes up with the crude oil that was naturally trapped with the crude long before fracking water and chemicals were introduced is by far the most contaminated and that was done by nature all by itself.

Reply Good Answer (Score 4)
Guru

Join Date: Oct 2008
Posts: 42355
Good Answers: 1693
#8
In reply to #7

Re: Fracking: Untangling Fact From Fiction

12/15/2012 1:55 PM

Let's just say that I don't trust big business to tell me the truth and I don't trust the government officials, mostly paid by big business to tell me the truth, either.

We can at least agree that greed is driving this and not some inherent desire to make the earth a better place.

We still haven't established who financed the information in those links.

Reply
Guru

Join Date: Dec 2010
Posts: 1895
Good Answers: 44
#19
In reply to #7

Re: Fracking: Untangling Fact From Fiction

12/18/2012 2:58 PM

Taking whatever pops up first may be your first error. Regardless of what people think, the internet is not an infallible source of information.

Since you are the type of person who dumps chemicals down the drain "without second thought", I would count your testimony as biased from the get-go.

Proper documentation appears to be an internet search away for you, so I recommend searching for the film "Gasland". It may not be proper, but it is documentation.

No cute blushy smilies or apologies from me. Fracking is BS and it poisons the environment, but if it's the best this country can come up with then I guess we are stuck with it.

Reply
Guru

Join Date: Jun 2009
Location: South of Minot North Dakota
Posts: 8376
Good Answers: 775
#20
In reply to #19

Re: Fracking: Untangling Fact From Fiction

12/19/2012 4:34 AM

Fair enough. Got any creditable links to proof of fracking poisoning the environment?

I am also expecting reasonable comparisons to other industrial, commercial, and private actions that release the same types of pollutants as well and in what volumes.

Its part of playing fair you know.

Reply
Guru

Join Date: Dec 2010
Posts: 1895
Good Answers: 44
#21
In reply to #20

Re: Fracking: Untangling Fact From Fiction

12/19/2012 11:38 AM

Not handy...

I also don't have readily available info to prove that smoking causes cancer, transmission of HIV through tears is possible, alcoholism is a disease, or that being abused as a child results in a violent adult...

What we do have available to society are accounts from individuals who can put logic to work and state that everything in their communities was perfectly fine and normal until the fracking started nearby. Now, people can light a match under their kitchen faucet and watch it burn, and the water which has been tested by local "competent" authority is deemed unfit for consumption...human or otherwise. Coincidentally it contains not only fracking chemicals, but the exact material which the fracking is inteded to release.

Remember that for a lot of these farmers this is the same water which would be used to irrigate crops which are put up for resale and possibly consumed by you and your family. The federal gov't did/does the same thing with superfund sites and had animal testing done afterwards to see if the meat was tainted.

I put "competent" in quotes because the people testing the waters are the same ones who had a hand in approving the industrial practice in small communities dotting the eastern and midwestern US. They'll say it's safe to frack, if you complain they'll test your water and say that it's not safe to drink and condemn your house because it's not safe to live in, then they'll approve the sale of the land to a mining company.

It's a vicious circle lined with avarice and dishonesty.

Reply Score 1 for Good Answer
Guru

Join Date: Jun 2009
Location: South of Minot North Dakota
Posts: 8376
Good Answers: 775
#22
In reply to #21

Re: Fracking: Untangling Fact From Fiction

12/19/2012 5:57 PM

So that's a no then? Conjecture based on poorly defined results with no rel before and after documentation to support it other that "I never noticed it before but then I never actually looked before either." based accounts.

Around here well water testing has been done and documented since the 1940's on countless wells. I had my well drilled in 1999 and even then they did a water quality and chemical analysis before they signed it off as being potable grade water.

BTW I also have natural gas in my water also, same with most everyone's, and all of these wells have been here far longer than any fracking work has been done.

Reply Score 1 for Good Answer
Guru
Engineering Fields - Optical Engineering - Member Engineering Fields - Engineering Physics - Member Engineering Fields - Systems Engineering - Member

Join Date: Apr 2010
Location: Trantor
Posts: 5363
Good Answers: 647
#5

Re: Fracking: Untangling Fact From Fiction

12/15/2012 10:58 AM

The issue of well water contamination has mostly been debunked. There were some ludicrous YouTube videos showing water catching fire as it came out of a spigot, but this was a hoax. The EPA, under Obama, as found no evidence that, when proper drilling techniques are used, fracking will contaminate drinking water. The 'fear', though, has already been created in the minds of some people (like one of my brothers) so no matter what I say to him and no matter what studies I cite, he still has that fear that fracking is going to ruin his well.

The other concern, which is a bit more justified, is that fracking may trigger earthquakes. I think so far the earthquake-fracking correlation is for the post-fracking process, when the waste water is pumped back into the ground. That's when low level earthquakes have occurred. But these have all been really low level, like 2s or 3s on the Richter scale, which is barely above the background 'noise' of the earth rumbling and shaking that goes on all the time. This aspect does deserve continuous study and there needs to be some preparations made should real damage occur as a result of fracking.

Sadly, Matt Damon has a film that will be coming out soon that (from what I've heard) is going to exploit these fears and ignore the studies of geologists to sensationalize the worries of the anti-fracking crowd. It has taken years to get over the damage to the nuclear power industry that was caused by the movie 'The China Syndrome'. I wouldn't be surprised if Damon's movie also triggers that level of ignorant fear. Hucksters that fear-monger never go broke.

Here's a fascinating video that puts into perspective, the relative strengths of earthquakes. Note that the video begins with the level 5.8 earthquake that occurred in Virginia (USA) in 2011, and which did only mild damage, though it surprised a lot of people.

Perspective - Earthquake Intensity

__________________
Whiskey, women -- and astrophysics. Because sometimes a problem can't be solved with just whiskey and women.
Reply
Guru
Technical Fields - Technical Writing - New Member Engineering Fields - Piping Design Engineering - New Member

Join Date: May 2009
Location: Richland, WA, USA
Posts: 21017
Good Answers: 795
#6

Re: Fracking: Untangling Fact From Fiction

12/15/2012 11:23 AM

Gaia needs to become a well-oiled machine.

If "waste" fluids are injected into the San Andreas fault, the plates can slide easier, making 1000 Richter 2 quakes instead of one Richter 9. There, doesn't that feel better?

__________________
In vino veritas; in cervisia carmen; in aqua E. coli.
Reply
Guru

Join Date: Jan 2011
Posts: 668
Good Answers: 3
#9

Re: Fracking: Untangling Fact From Fiction

12/15/2012 4:15 PM

the chemicals used for fracking seems to be a well guarded secret. i doubt if the the govermt even knows what being pumped down the hole.

Reply
2
Guru

Join Date: Jun 2009
Location: South of Minot North Dakota
Posts: 8376
Good Answers: 775
#11
In reply to #9

Re: Fracking: Untangling Fact From Fiction

12/15/2012 4:43 PM

Cant be much of secret unless you consider Google searches secret.

ADDITIVE TYPE

DESCRIPTION OF PURPOSE

EXAMPLES OF CHEMICALS

Proppant

"Props" open fractures and allows gas / fluids to flow more freely to the well bore.Sand [Sintered bauxite; zirconium oxide; ceramic beads]

Acid

Cleans up perforation intervals of cement and drilling mud prior to fracturing fluid injection, and provides accessible path to formation.Hydrochloric acid (HCl, 3% to 28%) or muriatic acid

Breaker

Reduces the viscosity of the fluid in order to release proppant into fractures and enhance the recovery of the fracturing fluid.Peroxydisulfates

Bactericide / Biocide

Inhibits growth of organisms that could produce gases (particularly hydrogen sulfide) that could contaminate methane gas. Also prevents the growth of bacteria which can reduce the ability of the fluid to carry proppant into the fractures.Gluteraldehyde;
2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,2-propanediol

Buffer / pH Adjusting Agent

Adjusts and controls the pH of the fluid in order to maximize the effectiveness of other additives such as crosslinkers.Sodium or potassium carbonate; acetic acid

Clay Stabilizer / Control

Prevents swelling and migration of formation clays which could block pore spaces thereby reducing permeability.Salts (e.g., tetramethyl ammonium chloride) [Potassium chloride]

Corrosion Inhibitor

Reduces rust formation on steel tubing, well casings, tools, and tanks (used only in fracturing fluids that contain acid).Methanol; ammonium bisulfate for Oxygen Scavengers

Crosslinker

The fluid viscosity is increased using phosphate esters combined with metals. The metals are referred to as crosslinking agents. The increased fracturing fluid viscosity allows the fluid to carry more proppant into the fractures.Potassium hydroxide; borate salts

Friction Reducer

Allows fracture fluids to be injected at optimum rates and pressures by minimizing friction.Sodium acrylate-acrylamide copolymer;
polyacrylamide (PAM); petroleum distillates

Gelling Agent

Increases fracturing fluid viscosity, allowing the fluid to carry more proppant into the fractures.Guar gum; petroleum distillate

Iron Control

Prevents the precipitation of carbonates and sulfates (calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, barium sulfate) which could plug off the formation.Ammonium chloride; ethylene glycol; polyacrylate

Solvent

Additive which is soluble in oil, water & acid-based treatment fluids which is used to control the wettability of contact surfaces or to prevent or break emulsions.Various aromatic hydrocarbons

Surfactant

Reduces fracturing fluid surface tension thereby aiding fluid recovery.Methanol; isopropanol; ethoxylated alcohol

BTW all of these combined represent less than 2% of the total volume of water based fluids that go down a well and to top it off inert sand represents about 75% - 95% of the less than 2% total volume of additives.

Reply Good Answer (Score 2)
Guru
Popular Science - Weaponology - New Member United Kingdom - Member - New Member

Join Date: May 2007
Location: Harlow England
Posts: 16512
Good Answers: 670
#10

Re: Fracking: Untangling Fact From Fiction

12/15/2012 4:18 PM

It will be the usual F*ck up with the water table being polluted and a host of unforseen dire consequences, gas price won't fall and some industries/people/politicians will make a fortune.
After the f*uck up is exposed, they will all wring their hands and shed crocodile tears.
The will say it was unforseeable and call yet another public equiry run by their mates for huge wages at vast public expense.

To sumarise... we're sgafted by big businesss and politics...
No change there then...
BTW I've allready E-mailed my MP with a slightly toned down version of the above
Del
<click... cynical mode off>

__________________
health warning: These posts may contain traces of nut.
Reply Score 1 for Good Answer
Guru
Hobbies - Fishing - New Member

Join Date: Jun 2008
Location: Raleigh, NC USA
Posts: 13529
Good Answers: 468
#12
In reply to #10

Re: Fracking: Untangling Fact From Fiction

12/15/2012 4:43 PM

I still am not armed with enough information to think that fracking is okay or not. My gut tells me that there are unforeseen consequences coming.

That said................and speaking of politicians and the rich, since it's going to be done, can we put a stop to the complete rip off scam that we call the global carbon exchange?

At some point, Goldman Sachs has enough money.

I'm so sick of government BS. They are signing CO2 legislation with one hand, and fracking permits with the other. There's nothing on this earth that's filthier than a politician.

__________________
Those who would give up essential Liberty, to purchase a little temporary Safety, deserve neither Liberty nor Safety. Ben Franklin
Reply
2
Guru
Engineering Fields - Optical Engineering - Member Engineering Fields - Engineering Physics - Member Engineering Fields - Systems Engineering - Member

Join Date: Apr 2010
Location: Trantor
Posts: 5363
Good Answers: 647
#13

Re: Fracking: Untangling Fact From Fiction

12/15/2012 7:59 PM

Here are a few links to articles about fracking. One is a discussion of a talk given by a professor (Dr. Merrill) from Columbia University, one is from a moderate/conservative blogger (Walter Russel Mead), and one is by the UK group Phys.Org. None of these say that fracking is risk-free, but they all are pro-science and decry the anti-fracking hysteria that has become common among certain political/environmental groups.

http://www.volokh.com/2012/11/16/merrill-on-fear-of-fracking/

To Professor Merrill, the potential threat of groundwater contamination is the most serious, and potentially most distinct, environmental threat posed by an upsurge in fracking. While there is little empirical evidence confirming that such contamination has occurred thus far, and energy experts often downplay such risks, concerns about groundwater are understandable. The uncontrolled nature of the subsurface injection in fracking is a source of legitimate apprehension, particularly since many of the potential effects are not fully understood. This counsels the development of some regulatory structure to address these risks.

http://blogs.the-american-interest.com/wrm/2012/07/26/fracking-foe-fears-prove-foolish-again/

David Risser, an epidemiologist with the Texas Cancer Registry, said in an email that researchers checked state health data and found no evidence of an increase in the counties where the spike supposedly occurred.

And Susan G. Komen for the Cure, a major cancer advocacy group based in Dallas, said it sees no evidence of a spike, either.

http://phys.org/news/2012-07-fracking-undertaken-safely-effective.html

• Hydraulic fracturing is an established technology that has been used by the oil and gas industries for many decades in the UK;

• The risks of contamination of aquifers from fractures is very low provided that shale gas extraction takes place at depths of many hundreds of metres;

• Seismicity (or earth tremors) induced by hydraulic fracturing is likely to be of a smaller magnitude than the UK naturally experiences or than is related to coal mining activities, which are, of themselves, low by world standards;

• Open ponds for storing wastewater (which have been historically used in US fracking operations and carry a possible risk of leakage) are not permitted in the UK and there are numerous facilities in the UK for the treatment of similar wastes from the industrial sector; Well established procedures have been developed for the disposal of naturally occurring radioactive materials (which are present in the hydraulic fracturing wastewaters) by the UK's extractive industries.

__________________
Whiskey, women -- and astrophysics. Because sometimes a problem can't be solved with just whiskey and women.
Reply Good Answer (Score 2)
Guru

Join Date: Oct 2008
Posts: 42355
Good Answers: 1693
#14
In reply to #13

Re: Fracking: Untangling Fact From Fiction

12/15/2012 8:08 PM

From: http://blogs.the-american-interest.com/wrm/2012/07/26/fracking-foe-fears-prove-foolish-again/
"Whatever its ultimate ecological impact, the combination of hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling promises to dramatically increase domestic oil and gas reserves, drive down energy prices and fundamentally transform the energy sector."
In other words, "Drill baby drill?"

Reply
Guru
Hobbies - Fishing - New Member

Join Date: Jun 2008
Location: Raleigh, NC USA
Posts: 13529
Good Answers: 468
#15
In reply to #14

Re: Fracking: Untangling Fact From Fiction

12/15/2012 10:33 PM

These conversations never really lead anywhere. Lets face it..............fossil fuel is like heroin to the junkie.

We can tell ourselves a million times, in a million different ways that we're going to quit, but when an easy score pops up, there we are, rigging up the works to get at it. We ain't quitting.

__________________
Those who would give up essential Liberty, to purchase a little temporary Safety, deserve neither Liberty nor Safety. Ben Franklin
Reply
Guru

Join Date: Oct 2008
Posts: 42355
Good Answers: 1693
#16
In reply to #15

Re: Fracking: Untangling Fact From Fiction

12/15/2012 10:39 PM

That doesn't mean we have to use a dirty needle to do the deed.

OK, It's moot, I know. It's also bedtime here in la la land.

Reply
Guru

Join Date: Jan 2011
Posts: 668
Good Answers: 3
#17
In reply to #16

Re: Fracking: Untangling Fact From Fiction

12/15/2012 11:26 PM

i live near a few dozen wells, but what the hell. let them use any fracking fluid they what.

Reply
Guru
Hobbies - Fishing - New Member

Join Date: Jun 2008
Location: Raleigh, NC USA
Posts: 13529
Good Answers: 468
#18
In reply to #17

Re: Fracking: Untangling Fact From Fiction

12/15/2012 11:46 PM

I feel better now. Thanks.

__________________
Those who would give up essential Liberty, to purchase a little temporary Safety, deserve neither Liberty nor Safety. Ben Franklin
Reply Score 1 for Off Topic
Reply to Blog Entry 22 comments

Good Answers:

These comments received enough positive votes to make them "good answers".

"Almost" Good Answers:

Check out these comments that don't yet have enough votes to be "official" good answers and, if you agree with them, vote them!
Copy to Clipboard

Users who posted comments:

Andy Germany (1); cuba_pete (2); durtieduck (2); kramarat (3); lyn (5); tcmtech (5); Tornado (1); Usbport (2); user-deleted-1105 (1)

Previous in Blog: Images Emerge From Polar Drilling   Next in Blog: Hubble Achieves Deepest View Yet

Advertisement