|
No more veneers? Maybe. This blog post is timely considering
my sister fell last week while running and chipped her front tooth in half. I
wish I had known to suggest that she seek laser treatment to encourage regrowth
of her broken tooth (although I doubt she would have wanted to wait so long).
Research shows that lasers can help regenerate heart,
skin, and nerve tissues. Low levels of laser light can trigger chemical
reactions that promote wound healing, reduce inflammation, and treat pain. New research in Science
Translational Medicine shows that lasers can help regrow parts of broken
teeth and potentially make fillings, crowns, and other dental necessities
obsolete.
A false-color image from a scanning electron
microscope depicting the scaffold seeded with cells used to assess laser
treatment effects.
Image Credit
For the study, scientists at Harvard University looked at
dentin, the tissue that makes up the bulk of human teeth. Dentin is harder than
bone but softer than the enamel that coats teeth. The goal of the research was
to encourage dental stem cells to regenerate as dentin. But instead of
implanting modified dental stem cells or injecting chemicals to control dental
stems cells in patients, the researchers wanted to activate proteins, known as
growth factors, that are already in the body and use them to manipulate dental
stem cells through the use of lasers.
Instead of using synthetic materials, such as ceramics,
to repair a tooth, a laser would be shone on the tooth and soft pulp underneath
(from damage). The
laser generates chemicals known as reactive oxygen species which activate a
growth factor called transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-b1) in the body.
This molecule stimulates dental stem cells to repair teeth as well as many
other tissues.
Experiments have been done on rats and adult dental stem
cells extracted from human teeth. Results show that low levels of laser light
activated TGF-b1 and led to the generation of dentin-forming cells. The next
step is taking their work to human clinical trials.
|