Welcome to CR4. Dr. Marshall McLuhan used to say that the artist who portrays his/her times portrays reality in history, and in the sense of observer and portrayer has value as the only true historian. He allowed for those artists who had an axe to grind in one sense or another; but he was speaking of simple pastoral themes.
It's a pleasure and an honour, whether or not you are an artist, to have you aboard. Stick around, have fun, and shine light in here where you are able.
Re your question. You noticed that Case491 rapidly was able to give you information and references after having used Google to find them.
I have recommended search engines such as Google to inquiries in here so often that they should be paying me a salary by now. The point is, it's simple to use search engines and you could have undertaken that simple exercise on your own, using CR4 to fill in the gaps for yourself.
I agree, however, that using a search engine is not as much fun as waiting to see what kind of response you'll get..especially if it's slanted differently from the one you found for yourself.
First of all they are much different material. The standard filler specified by most civil engineers is one that is used by the highway departments. it is the cheapest thing they could come up with and is made of a woody fiber soaked with a bitumunous tar. It will mostly rot away and serve no purpose in about 5 years in any climate not in a desert. There are several other types of expansion joints. Most of them use a "backer rod" or "backer material" made of foam. This is simply something to stuff into the hole. They are then filled with different types of elastic materials. Some of there fillers are made of silicone. These are the ones that weather black and ussually that is not really noticed. The silicone is mostly used because it lasts longer. There are many other types of fillers. For a lasting residential expansion joint often I will use redwood for the forms. It lasts a long time and it weathers to gray that matches plain concrete.
Lets not forget Wikipedia too. I have followed links provided by other CR4ers and learned some fascinating stuff. That place could be more addictive than CR4.
I also say welcome to CR4, but beware... we occasionally get a wee bit silly, and some times down right hilarious. But it all in good fun.