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LORAN Gets 3 Month Reprieve

10/28/2009 11:51 PM

From http://whatsbrewin.nextgov.com/2009/10/loran_gets_3_month_reprieve.php

Loran Gets 3 Month Reprieve

By Bob Brewin 10/22/09 09:10 am ET

The Coast Guard-operated Long Range Navigation system (Loran) managed to survive the Obama administration's cancellation attempts until at least January thanks to language in the final version of the Homeland Security Department Appropriations bill, which awaits the president's signature.

The conference report on the bill, which the House and Senate approved on Oct. 20, provides $12 million to operate the Coast Guard's 24 Loran stations through Jan. 10, 2010.

The report said operations shall continue beyond that date unless Coast Guard Commandant Adm. Thad Allen certifies that the termination of the Loran signal will not adversely impact the safety of maritime navigation and Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano certifies Loran is not needed as a backup to GPS.

This, in my view, does not offer much hope for continued operation of Loran, and its enhanced version, eLoran, which provide a terrestrial jam and missile proof backup to GPS satellites.

eLoran provides position accuracy to between 8 feet and 65 feet, with availability measured at 99.9 percent and integrity at 99.99 percent, according to the International Loran Association. GPS offers position accuracy between 8 feet and 25 feet for civilian users, but its high-frequency, low-power signal can be jammed more easily than the low-frequency, high-power eLoran signals.

So why has the Obama administration decided to balance a $3.5 trillion federal budget by killing eLoran, which offers a GPS backup for just $40 million to $50 million a year?

Simple. The Coast Guard hates Loran, because it requires a lot of bodies to operate and maintain stations quite far from the sea, in places like Boise City, Okla., and Las Cruces, N.M.

Oh well, when GPS gets knocked out, there will be a lot of money to be made teaching folks how to use maps and compasses.

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Power-User

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#1

Re: LORAN Gets 3 Month Reprieve

10/28/2009 11:53 PM

Perhpas we have put way too many of our eggs in the GPS basket. With my very rudimentary understanding of orbital mechanics it appears that the GPS satellite constellation may be very vulnerable to destruction.

Is it possible that any nation with orbital capability and a launch site at 55 degrees latitude or less can a use direct assent orbital attack methodologies to initiate coplanar attack?

Is it possible that any nation capable of launching to a highly elliptical orbit on the equatorial plane could use very few launches to contaminate the entire plane between the apogee and perigee of the attack orbit; an orbital plane that every satellite crosses twice each orbital period?

Once the initial attacks occur would it even be possible to replace the assets due to the resulting debris fields?

GPS is a great system in a peaceful world; but I am confident that any conflict involving a nation capable of launching to 25000 KM can and probably will result in the system being brought down; degrading many of our tactical force multipliers as well as the massive systems used in the commercial sector.

eLoran is cheap, resilient, and much more easily defended when compared to space based systems.

Don't just keep it --- improve upon it and encourage its use

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#3
In reply to #1

Re: LORAN Gets 3 Month Reprieve

10/29/2009 7:32 AM

Thad Allen is very much against continuing Loran C. Go to the Coast Guard website and read about what he says.

I doubt if anyone will change his mind.

The budget folks and Obama would do the right thing and keep LoranC upon Allen's request. But it isn't going to happen.

I had hoped some politicians from Florida and the Gulf Coast or Alask would lobby for continuation, but it does not seem to be happening.

eLoran is only being promoted in Europe. Not so much in the US.

The Loran signal at 100kHz cannot be jammed and is much more reliable than GPS. The QE2 went aground off Massachusetts a few years back because of a faulty GPS signal.

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#4
In reply to #3

Re: LORAN Gets 3 Month Reprieve

10/30/2009 7:41 AM

Uh...ANY electronic signal can be jammed. Learn to use a freakin compass

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#6
In reply to #3

Re: LORAN Gets 3 Month Reprieve

10/30/2009 5:10 PM

Please check your facts before making a statement re the QE2. I recall the incident investigation quite differently. Take a look here for a brief description and here for a slightly better one. The incident had nothing to do with GPS.

As few vessels are even equipped with Loran these days, I imagine that a catastrophic loss of GPS would result in scores if not hundreds of vessel floundering about for days. The art of navigation with sextant and chronometer, though still learned in training, are generally not practiced anymore; dead reckoning even less so.

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#8
In reply to #6

Re: LORAN Gets 3 Month Reprieve

11/02/2009 8:21 AM

Sorry, with all the groundings it is hard to keep track of them all in memory. I meant to reference the Royal Majesty 568 foot cruise ship incident of June 4, 1994 which ran aground on the Rose and Crown shoal 10 miles east of Nantucket (while returning to Boston from Bermuda).

This link is interesting and relevant assuming you actually want to engage in discussion rather than bash.

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#10
In reply to #8

Re: LORAN Gets 3 Month Reprieve

11/02/2009 12:39 PM

I apologize for your having taken offence, there was no bash intended.

Interesting link you sent. I happen to have personally witnessed the first vessel mentioned in the article, M/V Eldia, whilst she was high and dry on the beach.

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#12
In reply to #10

Re: LORAN Gets 3 Month Reprieve

11/02/2009 1:24 PM

Ok, but now here is the NTSB link to the Royal Majesty grounding that underscores why Obama's plan to discontinue Loran C very questionable.

As the reader will see from the report, the Loran C signal reported the vessel's position exactly on the shoal or 11 miles northwest of the gps's reported position.

Had this crew with over 100 years experience used the redundent system to recognise that they were off course, this grounding could have been avoided.

In the future, after Obama shuts down Loran C, they would not have an electronic backup system to go to even if they had chosen to.

So basically, Obama is tossing out both the redundent system AND the NTSB reports recommendations.

Hope and change we can't believe in.

ps Why didn't they listen to the fisherman who warned them on Channel 16 that they way off course.

The gps receiver switched over to dead reckoning mode which contributed to the grounding. Luckily none of the 1509 passengers were injured although $7 million dollars were lost.

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#2

Re: LORAN Gets 3 Month Reprieve

10/29/2009 1:03 AM

I remember when Loran-C became available in the Bering Sea, enabling crab fishers to return to a string of gear many miles out of radar range from land.

On the 1979 maiden voyage of a 165-foot crab catcher-processor from the construction yard in Tell City, Indiana, through the Panama Canal, we had charts of the Panama coast, but without Loran lines. The skipper was able to extrapolate the Loran lines from adjacent charts to sufficient accuracy to get within radar distance of identifiable coastline patterns.

The OP raises a significant (as well as sentimental) question, and the first response adds interesting detail (GA).

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#5

Re: LORAN Gets 3 Month Reprieve

10/30/2009 10:17 AM

Yep, the shipping industry will be pissed when they have to break out the sextants, binnacles, chronometers, and charts to get around. Oh well, penny wise, pound foolish administration. At least we will have the technology and the wherewithal to reestablish the LORAN system if we really had to. One wonders though if they could produce receivers fast enough.

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#7

Re: LORAN Gets 3 Month Reprieve

11/01/2009 2:26 PM

I used LORAN in the RN (and Console as a yachting sailor! Left over from the 2nd WW, submarine navigation!!) and the equipment for LORAN (CONSOLE was just a LW radio, a stopwatch and the ability to count!!) was huge and expensive then, what does a LORAN unit cost today and how big is it?

Can it replace GPS for the casual boat owner as GPS has done? (price wise I mean!)

The Europeans want to launch a GPS "Lookalike" sometime in the future, I forget what its called.....

I have also heard that without investment the GPS System will start to lose satellites soon anyway....

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#9
In reply to #7

Re: LORAN Gets 3 Month Reprieve

11/02/2009 9:51 AM

The LORAN receivers I recall for pleasure craft were not much bigger than a paperback romance novel. (Why I picked that this morning as an analogy, never having read one but see them on the shelf in supermarket checkout aisle?)

Here's one:

http://www.recycledgoods.com/26286_Si-Tex%20Koden%20Electronics_787-C_Loran%20C%20Receiver%20-%20Powers%20up%20Sold%20for%20Parts%20Value.html

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#11
In reply to #9

Re: LORAN Gets 3 Month Reprieve

11/02/2009 1:00 PM

So it would appear that LORAN receivers are far more expensive than GPS.......

GPS LORAN

1 : 0 Price of the units

1 : 0 Accuracy

0 : 1 Getting to the point of needing a large investment in repairs.

Any other points I/we should include?

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#13
In reply to #11

Re: LORAN Gets 3 Month Reprieve

11/02/2009 1:33 PM

I'm sure that if they were produced using today's technologies and volume manufacturing they would be as cheap or cheaper. I'm not advocating primary use of LORAN, but in the shipping industry/defense, a back-up system (even degraded performance) is preferable to none.

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#14
In reply to #11

Re: LORAN Gets 3 Month Reprieve

11/02/2009 1:33 PM

You are wrong on both counts.

Price for Loran C is $0 as the equipment is already in place.

Accuracy - Loran C is more accurate than gps (although less precise). It is possible to return to within 1 meter of a previously saved waypoint (with Loran C). However, the algorithm to convert TD's to Lat-Lon may introduce a minor error. eLoran was intended to reduce this error over Loran C upon full implementation.

But not now in the USA.

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