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Counterfeit Coins: Newsletter Challenge (01/23/07)

Posted January 21, 2007 5:01 PM
Pathfinder Tags: challenge questions

The question as it appears in the 01/23 edition of Specs & Techs from GlobalSpec:

You have twelve identical-looking coins; one is counterfeit. The only measurable difference is that the bad coin weighs either more or less than the others. Using a balance scale, determine which coin is bad and whether too light or too heavy. You are limited to three weighings on the scale. (Note: there are 24 possible outcomes; your method must account for all 24 cases.)

This question was submitted by our very own AstroNut!

Update (01/30/07 9:04 AM): And the Answer is....
1) Put coins 1-4 on the right, 5-8 on the left, and leave 9-12 off.

  • IF 1) BALANCES: 1-8 are good.
    • 2) Put coins 1-3 on the right, 9-11 on the left.
    • IF 2) BALANCES: Coin 12 is bad.
      • 3) Weigh 12 against 1 to see whether 12 is light or heavy. Done!
    • IF 2) GOES LEFT SIDE DOWN: The bad coin - 9, 10, or 11 - is heavy.
      • 3) Put 9 on the right, 10 on the left.
        • IF 3) BALANCES: Coin 11 is bad (heavy).
        • IF 3) DOESN'T BALANCE: The heavier coin - 9 or 10 - is bad.
  • IF 1) GOES LEFT SIDE DOWN: 9-12 are good.
    • 2) Put coins 1, 5, and 6 on the right; 2, 7, and 8 on the left.
      • IF 2) BALANCES: Coin 3 or 4 is bad (light).
        • 3) Put 3 on the left, 4 on the right. The lighter coin - 3 or 4 - is bad.
      • IF 2) GOES LEFT SIDE DOWN: EITHER 1 is light OR 7 or 8 is heavy.
        • 3) Put 7 on the left, 8 on the right.
          • IF 3) BALANCES: Coin 1 is bad (light).
          • IF 3) DOESN'T BALANCE: The heavier coin - 7 or 8 - is bad.
      • IF 2) GOES RIGHT SIDE DOWN: follow similar procedure with 2, 5, and 6.
  • IF 1) GOES RIGHT SIDE DOWN: follow the same procedure, reversing light & heavy.
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Anonymous Poster
#101

Re: Counterfeit Coins: Newsletter Challenge (01/23/07)

02/03/2007 10:24 AM

Is that the only solution or is there another way to conclude.

I found a different method

Chuck

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Power-User

Join Date: Jan 2007
Location: Illinois, USA
Posts: 440
Good Answers: 2
#102
In reply to #101

Re: Counterfeit Coins: Newsletter Challenge (01/23/07)

02/03/2007 12:55 PM

Chuck -

As you can see by reading the other answers, there are several different successful methods. They all seem to start by weighing four against four, but after that the methods differ.

If you have another system that isn't listed here, please post it so we can see!

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Anonymous Poster
#103
In reply to #102

Re: Counterfeit Coins: Newsletter Challenge (01/23/07)

02/04/2007 8:42 AM

The Last Post

The question does not stipulate that you cannot obtain 12 more none fake coins to balance with the 12 you have, doing this will determine the over or under weight value of the fake.

Then balance 6 against 6 to cut it down to 3 coins on each side and then 1 against 1 to determine the bad one.

Don

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Power-User

Join Date: Jan 2007
Location: Illinois, USA
Posts: 440
Good Answers: 2
#104
In reply to #103

Re: Counterfeit Coins: Newsletter Challenge (01/23/07)

02/05/2007 11:38 AM

Interesting premise! But I don't see how it can work in three weighings. Here's what I think you're saying:

1) Weigh 12 good against 12 unknown (determine light/heavy).

2) Weigh 6 unknown against remaining 6 unknown (narrow it down to 6)

3) Weigh three suspects against remaining three (narrow it down to three)

...to determine which of the final three is bad, you'd need one more weighing.

Am I missing something?

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Anonymous Poster
#105
In reply to #104

Re: Counterfeit Coins: Newsletter Challenge (01/23/07)

02/05/2007 2:35 PM

After the second weighing you will have only 3 suspects as they will be either up or down according to the weight determined in the first weighing. Weigh two of these against each other this will show the off weight coin is either up or down on the balance or if they balance the off weight coin is the remaining one.

Don

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Power-User

Join Date: Jan 2007
Location: Illinois, USA
Posts: 440
Good Answers: 2
#106
In reply to #105

Re: Counterfeit Coins: Newsletter Challenge (01/23/07)

02/05/2007 3:21 PM

I don't understand how you get it down to 3... Let's take a scenario. First we mark our original coins with letters, A through L.

1) Weigh original coins A-L against twelve good coins. Let's say the A-L side is heavier, so we know the bad coin is heavy.

2) Weigh A-F against G-L. Let's say the A-F side is heavier, so we know coins G-L are good, but all six of the heavier coins are still suspect, right?

Now, what do I do in step 3?

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Anonymous Poster
#107
In reply to #103

Re: Counterfeit Coins: Newsletter Challenge (01/23/07)

02/05/2007 3:51 PM

Re: Last Post & #103

You are Right, I lost count of my weighings!

Don

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Anonymous Poster
#108

Re: Counterfeit Coins: Newsletter Challenge (01/23/07)

01/31/2010 1:03 PM

sexy answer!!

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