Roger Boisjoly was best known for warning Morton Thiokol,
his employer, and NASA against the dangers of a part on the space shuttle
Challenger. Morton Thiokol decided that
the data was inconclusive. NASA launched
the shuttle on January 28, 1986 and it exploded seconds later.
Boisjoly earned a mechanical engineering degree from the University
of Massachusetts at Lowell. During his 27-year
career in the aerospace industry, he worked on projects including lunar module
life-support systems (LEMs), the moon vehicle, and solid rocket boosters
(SRBs).
Faulty O-Ring
Discovery
Six months before the shuttle exploded, Boisjoly wrote a
memo to colleagues at Morton Thiokol. He
explained that cold weather could cause the O-rings in the SRB to fail. His findings were based on an investigation
of an SRB from a shuttle flight a year earlier.
An O-Ring had failed in the 1985 launch when the temperature was 50°
F.
A task force was created to examine the effect of cold
temperatures on the boosters. The seals
were found to stiffen and unseal in cold weather. If this happened at launch it would spell a
certain death for the astronauts on board the shuttle.
Attempts to Prevent
Disaster
The temperature fell below freezing the night before the
Challenger launch. That night Boisjoly
and four colleagues held a phone conference with NASA to discuss delaying the
launch. He showed photo evidence of
damage from the previous cold-temperature launch. The Morton Thiokol vice presidents in
attendance decided the evidence was not conclusive. NASA decided to go ahead with the launch.
At the time, Morton Thiokol was discussing a new $1 billion
contract with NASA. The Challenger
launch had already been delayed twice; it is thought that another delay could
put the company's contract in jeopardy.
Work Post-Disaster
After the Challenger disaster Boisjoly testified at a Presidential
commission. He explained why he thought
the O-rings had failed and provided copies of the memos he had sent six months
earlier. He went on leave from Morton
Thiokol and was eventually unemployed.
He was told nobody could afford to hire a whistleblower. His colleagues turned against him and he said
astronaut Sally Ride was the only one who supported him.
Eventually he began speaking to engineering students about
workplace ethics. After leaving Morton
Thiokol he donated six boxes of his personal papers and memos to Chapman
University in Orange, California. He was
awarded the Prize for Scientific Freedom and Responsibility by the American
Association for the Advancement of Science.
Read more about the Challenger
disaster on CR4.
Resources:
DC Bureau - Roger
Boisjoly - The Conscience of Engineering
The New York Times - Roger
Boisjoly, 73, Dies; Warned of Shuttle Danger [image]
NPR - Remembering
Roger Boisjoly: He Tried To Stop Shuttle Challenger Launch
Wikipedia - Roger Boisjoly
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