Sometimes even my projects have projects, this was the case with one project that I have put on hold temporarily. I need one particular plastic part that isn't just available anywhere. Instead of trying to find a place to make this part for me, I decided to build a tool to make it myself; hence was born my plastic vacuum molding machine.
I decided that if I was going to build it, I was going to build it the best I could since I could use it for other things. The design is based off of the parts I liked from a few other people's designs I found online.
The principle is simple, you heat a sheet of plastic which is held in a frame. When the plastic is soft you place it on top of a mold. The frame which the plastic is held is sealed to the table that the mold is on and you pull a vacuum to suck the plastic onto the mold.
I made the table, commonly called a platen, out of 3/4" MDF board, which I purchased from the hardware store. In the center of this board I drilled a 1 ¼" hole and bolted on a ¾" pipe flange fitting onto this hole, sealing it with calk. I connected a PVC right angle corner on this flange and glued-in a shop vac hose, which I cut to fit into the pipe fitting.
I used some right angle aluminum sections to make a frame above the flat side of the table to which I connected a heater at the top. I made a frame out of the same aluminum material that would slide up and down in this frame. I also made a frame to hold the plastic sheet out of aluminum, and some flat aluminum pieces; this would make so that it would form a seal on the table. I inserted the holding frame inside the frame that slides up and down.
I wired in two light switches and two outlets that would connect to the heater and vacuum. For my heater, I used an electric grill which has a square heating element. I used aluminum roasting pans, one with holes in it, to both focus and diffuse the heat onto the plastic. For the vacuum I used a small shop vac, which I have had.
The process of molding a part is done by placing a piece of plastic in the frame and sliding it up just below the heater. When the plastic becomes soft, I turn on the vacuum and quickly slide it down until it makes a seal with the table. As soon as it creates a seal, the vacuum pulls the plastic onto the mold and I let it cool.
I am still learning how to improve my plastic molding skills, but I can already tell that this tool will allow me to make many unique plastic parts as the need arises.
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