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Bonnie, my seven-year-old beagle, wobbled while walking and stumbled as if she was drunk. She also tilted her head to the right, looked down a lot of the time, dragged her hind paws, and exhibited some facial paralysis on her right side. A family friend suggested Lyme disease. I wasn't so sure.
Our first step involved taking Bonnie to a local veterinarian to rule out inner ear problems. My dog was all clear (literally). We also received a referral to visit Tuft's to rule out neurological problems. There, Bonnie underwent a battery of coordination exercises and was even videotaped for a study. She was cleared again, but we were still stumped by her paralysis.
Finally, another vet sedated Bonnie and took an X-ray of her spine. We then discovered that Bonnie had two compromised discs in her neck. This condition is known formally as intervertebral disc disease of the cervical vertebrae. According to the popular website Petplace, symptoms include:
- Neck pain that comes on suddenly and which makes the pet hesitant or resistant to move its head
- Clumsy steps or a drunken appearance
- The pet's complete inability to walk on its own
As with any human illness or injury, an animal's symptoms may resemble something else. After all, we thought that Bonnie probably had inner ear problems or Lyme disease. An animal's symptoms can also mask one another, or appear to be "more important" than one another. Initially, we thought Bonnie's stumbling was the major concern; however, her facial paralysis was caused by a pinched nerve and a displaced spinal cord, which we would discover later.
So what was actually happening behind the scenes? We saw our pet's physical symptoms and studied the fuzzy gray blobs on the X-ray, but what did those things mean? Here's what had happened, along with the resulting problems which had caused Bonnie's discomfort and visible symptoms:
- Discs comprised of cartilage are found between the bones in the spinal column. They sometimes break down and rupture, or herniate, into the spinal canal.
- This displaced disc matter puts added pressure on the spinal cord.
- The pressure in turn causes inflammation and pain, and can also cause nerve dysfunction (i.e. paralysis, usually in the front of the body).
This type of disc disease can affect dogs of any age, but is most common in those that are middle-aged. It is most prevalent in beagles, daschunds, Lhasa Apsos, and Pekingese.
How is such an ailment treated? There are several options, starting with medication for mild cases. Immediately after her diagnosis, Bonnie was prescribed Rimadyl, a common anti-inflammatory pain medication (NSAID) for pets. For moderate to severe cases, surgery is usually deemed necessary. Euthanasia can be the only answer for very severe cases.
Check back next week to find out what was next for Bonnie in Part 2.
Resources:
http://www.petplace.com/dogs/intervertebral-disc-disease-cervical-area/page1.aspx
http://cal.vet.upenn.edu/projects/saortho/chapter_62/62mast.htm
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