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In over my head with electrical.

08/08/2008 1:23 PM

I'm a new member and I need the assistance of the CR4 think-tank.

I'm using a flywheel, as a timing instrument. It has a high spot, so that every time it makes a revolution, it closes a limit switch and sends 24VDC to an electromagnet.

Here's the rub. When it spins to fast, it fails to fire. Does anyone have any suggestion's on how to change this over to a more efficient system? I would like to change it to something that uses a light beam to fire. I'm in over my head, so thanks in advance.

Whats that Lassie, Timmy's stuck in the well!

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#1

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/08/2008 1:46 PM

Perhaps a magnetic switch. Very inexpensive.

http://www.newark.com/05M4561/electromechanical-industrial-control/product.us0?sku=hamlin-electronics-59025-010

You could probably find a light type switch at Newark if you look around.

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#27
In reply to #1

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/09/2008 10:15 PM

GA

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#2

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/08/2008 2:14 PM

Look for an optical sensor that contains both a transmitter and receiver, something like this:

http://search.digikey.com/scripts/DkSearch/dksus.dll?Detail?name=OR525-ND

Then you stick a bit of reflective tape where your bump is now, or, if your wheel is all shiny, a bit of nonreflective tape.

You may need to add a transistor to the output to get enough current to drive your magnet. Keep in mind, though, that electromagnets aren't necessarily capable of switching off and on at high speeds (they are essentially just big inductors), so that may be your limitation, rather than your mechanical switch.


Good luck!

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#4
In reply to #2

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/08/2008 2:26 PM

Currently I don't have any problem, manually firring it to 120 RPM's.

I don't anticipate more then 60 to 100 RPM's.

If it goes faster then that, it will apply a centrifugal brake

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#5
In reply to #4

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/08/2008 2:37 PM

Then, if it's just the mechanical switch that's the issue, I recommend an optical switch - either the one I recommended of the one in the post below mine. Although the magnetic sensor will work as well.

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#6
In reply to #2

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/08/2008 3:11 PM

I like this solution, This is really close to what I'm looking for. Except I cant use this one, it has a max temp. of 25C. As this will sit outside at an ambient temp. of up to 45C.

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#7
In reply to #6

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/08/2008 3:26 PM

No - it's good up to 75C. The 25C number is just how they quote the "typical" performance specs.

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#9
In reply to #2

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/08/2008 10:05 PM
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#3

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/08/2008 2:23 PM

Quick question:

Which unit fails? The switch or the e-magnet? If it's the switch, a OMRON EE-SX670A sensor would do that for about 15 usd. See pic below...works on 12 to 24 (30?) vdc

Just use a flag (small piece of opaque material that protrudes from the edge of the wheel) to cut the beam and activate the sensor. The sensor can be connected either for positive or negative output. Something like the (very) crude drawing below... The red piece attached to the flywheel would be the flag.

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#8

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/08/2008 10:01 PM

If you already have a bump on your flywheel and it's metal, you can use an inductive proximity sensor.

Just one thing.

How many "bumps" do you have on your flywheel? If it's just one, you might have problems with balance. The mass of the bump tends to pull the flywheel around with it, causing vibration in the system. If the mass is negligible, this may not be so much of a problem but, if it's possible, I'd put another bump on the other side of the flywheel. You'll have to divide your pulses by two to get the actual rpm but that's easily done.

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#10
In reply to #8

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/08/2008 10:53 PM

That is one of my current problems. But I hope most of them are temporary, as it's still small in scale. after I work out a couple of other bugs like the one you pointed out, I will increase the size. And of course I will get a hole new set of bugs.

I knew when I wrote this question, that I was in the right place.

Thanks every one for the great suggestions.

Ill be back with more bugs. I need an exterminator.

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#18
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Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/09/2008 8:46 AM

Yes, bigger bugs from the scale-up! "Quick, Martha, the Flit!"

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#11

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/08/2008 11:13 PM

How 'bout a small magnet and a hall effect sensor?

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#12
In reply to #11

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/08/2008 11:57 PM

How ya been Robin ? When you coming to Worcester?

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#13
In reply to #12

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/09/2008 12:21 AM

Been doing pretty well. Not exactly sure when I will make it up your way. This summer has been a wash. I wanted to take the family north this summer but I blew out the coupler in the ski boat and have to pull the engine to replace it. We like to go to the Cape camping. My parents live aboard their boat in Quissett Harbor in Falmouth during the warmer months before returning to New Hampshire for the winter. They live near Peterborough, NH when ashore.

Work's been crazy. I'm at the office now (12:20 AM). My Army Reserve duties put a crimp in things as well (2 weeks in July) so work got a little back logged. Still digging out.

After the kids are back in school, I'm thinking I might make a motorcycle tour with my 18 yr old daughter before she flies the coop. She graduated high school (yeah) and doesn't have (community) college plans this year so she will be able to travel. You know, father-daughter time. I'm considering heading north in early to mid-Sept. If I can pull this off, I will drop you a line.

Cheers!

Jonathan

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#14
In reply to #11

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/09/2008 12:26 AM

This is a new one on me what's a hall effect sensor?

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#17
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Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/09/2008 2:10 AM

A hall effect sensor is a semiconductor device that can measure or detect a magnetic field. Some devices provide an analog output that varies by the strength of the field and other devices are switching type designed to be triggered at a set field strength.

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#15

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/09/2008 12:39 AM

I installed proximity probes on generator shafts as a multi-setpoint speed pickup 30 years ago at speeds in excess of 900 rpm normal operating speed, with detection to 2 times normal speed during a breaker trip.

Can't recall the name of the manufacturer of the package (sensor, multiple relays with individual speed setpoints, power supply).

If your installation is on a generator, be sure not to short out an insulated bearing housing when mounting the prox probe as you will wipe bearings quickly.

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#19
In reply to #15

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/09/2008 9:32 AM

The prox switch uses a tape stuck to the shaft, an alternate type of tape has holes in it to multiply the actual shaft speed if too slow for reliable sensing.

The prox probe tip gap to the shaft may be up to 1/10 inch depending upon speed and prox probe sensitivity.

The bump, eccentricity or run-out on the shaft can be a problem for any sensor, if it is you may have to get an adjustable spacer machined to "round-out your shaft" so it runs true to the shaft centerline. Unless this apparent out-of-round is actually a bow in a long shaft ?

The name of the prox probes and relay set-up I preferred was Dymax or similar, I just searched "speed pickup" and there are programmable tachometers, etc that may do what you want.

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#16

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/09/2008 2:07 AM

From the field;

I would get a proximity switch that would "pick up" the high spot after you modifiy it. Or drill a hole and set the prox switch see the lack of metal.

How many RPM's are you at when you loose your ability to "switch"?

Mike

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#21
In reply to #16

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/09/2008 1:17 PM

Around 60 to 70 RPM's At that point it just skips across the limit switch

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#22
In reply to #21

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/09/2008 4:09 PM

Your problem is related to the amount of time that the mechanical switch remains open and the amount of time it takes for the "arc" to dissipate. Increase the length of your "bump" and you should be able to operate at higher speeds. Your timing should take into account how long the switch takes to actually break contact. This can be observed with an oscilloscope if you can get access to one. Of course, if you are trying to supply a pulse by making the switch (closing contacts) this would also help because the length of your pulse would directly effect the amount of current applied to the magnet. Which is easier and cheaper to try? Buying an exotic switch or modifying your fly wheel? If you must buy a new switch, there are mechanical switches that are better than others as well. Some even have gold plated contacts.

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#32
In reply to #21

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/20/2008 10:06 PM

for a cheap hall effect sensor (or proximity switch) to play with, head down to your local bicycle shop or Wal-Mart and look for an 'add on speedometer'. That is what they use.

If you are lucky you might pick one up a good will, a thrift shop, or on freecycle.com or post for a 'old but working' one on Craigs List.

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#20

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/09/2008 12:32 PM

You need to go with an proximity switch from someone like pepperl-fuchs (www.pepperl-fuch.com). I've used their induction switches with optical barriers for years in extremely nasty conditions measuring stroke and rotation in moderate temperatures (up to 50 C) and in high vibration. Never had a failure (until a roughneck knocked one with a hammer - there's never been ANYTHING build a roughneck can't break).

Try this link for a distributor

http://www.wolfautomation.com/Product.aspx?ProductID=22006

You may need to mount a target (or 2 for balance) on you flywheel but these things are pretty awesome.

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#25
In reply to #20

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/09/2008 6:05 PM

Thanks a lot I'm a Roughneck. Thats not the kind of encouragement I needed

Still laughing.

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#28
In reply to #25

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/10/2008 8:56 AM

Then you know it's true!

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#23

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/09/2008 4:18 PM

I'd go with Philo on the proximity sensor, but all of the possibilties have the drawback that they will need addidional circuitry to operate an electromagnet. (assuming that Ratsstar isn't referring to a relay)

we need more info!

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#26
In reply to #23

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/09/2008 6:10 PM

Right on the mark im not looking for a relay.

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#24

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/09/2008 5:29 PM

Hello

Try using a proximity switch instead

Ben

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#29

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/11/2008 9:11 AM

Hey Ratsstar,

you missed my point. All the above ideas will work but, unlike your limit switch which is probably 5A or 10A rated the electronic units are usually only reted at 0.1A to 0.5A so you will need (probably) a relay or other means to "beef up" the output.

regards

chas

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#30

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/11/2008 9:29 AM

To better define what you are trying to accomplish for all the responders,

You want an electrical circuit that will open and close in excess of 100 times per minute but less then _x_ times per minute ?

The approimate current to be switched is ?

Is the device being switched a relay or other inductive device or resistive ?

The voltage being switched is AC or DC ?

You run up against potential mechanical limits, electrical component limits and potentially discharge arc quench time if a really inductive device is switched.

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#31

Re: In over my head with electrical.

08/11/2008 9:50 AM

If your switch started to "float" (not follow the cam) at say 90 rpm.

Then try adding a rubber band to the switch arm to increase the tension holding the arm to the cam, understand this will result in higher wear and may only be a temporary solution to "prove the concept" and verify this is the problem. The rubber band also may not live long in an elevated temperature environment.

A spring could also be used but can have problems a rubber band does not.

If you can gradually increase the speed from the known good previous operating speed to where the problem starts you may see something else, a shaft flexing or end float on a shaft causing the cam to move from under the switch arm, the switch arm flexing,...

If the switch has a roller on the end of the arm the high mass versus a tiny rubbing block will limit the speed that the switch will work at.

In any event, try the rubber band to increase the load on the switch arm and then let us know the results ?

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