
I've lived in upstate New York all my life. I'm no stranger to freezing temperatures, biting winds, and snow, sleet, hail, and freezing rain. I've been an avid runner for the last five years, and I've run outdoors through every winter. At least once a season, I hear the following from some concerned soul. "Isn't running in that cold air bad for your lungs?", or even "Don't your lungs freeze?"
Well, I'm pleased to report this runner is still alive and the owner of working lungs. Humans have run marathons, trekked to the North and South Poles, and climbed Mount Everest. These folks have survived, too, so it should be obvious that "frozen lungs" is just a myth. After surviving tens of thousands of years without indoor heating and through five ice ages, the human body has adapted to heat air quickly as it enters the body through the nose and mouth. By the time the cold air passes through your windpipe and into your lungs, it's reached body temperature. Scientific studies have even proven that human lungs can warm incoming air in temperatures as low as -50 degrees Celsius. Now that's cold.
Still, some runners may wish that evolution had done just a bit more. One lung condition that can trouble cold-weather runners is a transient, dry cough. The issue with the air isn't the cold temperature, however, but the dryness. As your body warms the air, it must also humidify it. Unfortunately, this can lead to a raw throat and dry cough after running. So how do you keep this from happening? Really, it's not that difficult. Just cover your mouth with something like a scarf to warm and humidify the air before it even hits your throat. Still don't believe it's that simple? The amount of pain you'd be in if your lungs really could freeze would prevent you from running another step.
In cold weather, runners need to be more concerned about their exteriors than their interiors. It's more likely that you'll get frostbite on your face, fingers, toes and other improperly-covered extremities than your lungs.
So rest assured – the only way to get a case of frozen lungs is to die in the outdoors. At that point, your lungs will freeze along with the rest of you.
Resources:
https://www.runnersworld.com/article/0,7120,s6-238-267-269-7442-0,00.html
https://wiki.runnersworld.com/index.php/Frozen_Lung
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