Challenge Questions Blog

Challenge Questions

Stop in and exercise your brain. Talk about this month's Challenge from Specs & Techs or similar puzzles.

So do you have a Challenge Question that could stump the community? Then submit the question with the "correct" answer and we'll post it. If it's really good, we may even roll it up to Specs & Techs. You'll be famous!

Answers to Challenge Questions appear by the last Tuesday of the month.

Previous in Blog: Time Traveler: Challenge Question (June 2013)   Next in Blog: Rubik's Hypercube: Newsletter Challenge (August 2013)
Close
Close
Close
Page 2 of 2: « First < Prev 1 2 Last »
Rating: Comments: Nested

Tube Race: Newsletter Challenge (July 2013)

Posted June 30, 2013 5:01 PM
Pathfinder Tags: challenge questions

This month's Challenge Question: Specs & Techs from GlobalSpec:

Two straight tubes are drilled between two points on the earth, as shown in the figure. A plastic object is dropped into each tube. Each object is a replica of the other.

(a) Which object reaches the other end of the tube in the shortest time, and

(b) How long does it take the object of tube A to reach the other end? Assume there is no friction inside the tubes, and the density of the earth is constant.

And the answer is:

(a) The time to traverse any such a tube is always the same. It takes approximately 42 minutes for an object to move from one end of the tube to the other, irrespective of the location and length of the tube. This will be proved in part (b).

(b) Let M be the mass of the earth, m be the mass of the object, r its distance from the center of the earth (at any time), and R the radius of the earth. Also x is the distance of the object from the center of the tube, at any time. The angle a is the angle between the perpendicular line to the tube and r. All these variables are represented in the following figure

The force of gravitation pulling the object to the center of the earth is due to the portion of mass of the earth inside the sphere of radius r. The volume of this sphere is (remember that we assumed that earth density is constant, so the mass is proportional to the volume)

The force on the object is given by

To calculate the speed of the object along the tube, we need the component of this force along the tube. Assume that the object is moving from A to B, so

This force is equal to the Newtonian expression for force, or

, or

Or,

where .

This is the well-known simple harmonic equation (who hasn't solve it? Solution: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_harmonic_motion) . The general solution is given by

and ω is the frequency of oscillation given by

Then, the period of oscillation is

This is a constant. The mass and radius of the earth and the gravitational constants are known constants given by

Substituting these values in the above equation we get

This is the time for the object to produce a full oscillation; the time it takes to the object to move one-way is

Reply

Interested in this topic? By joining CR4 you can "subscribe" to
this discussion and receive notification when new comments are added.

Good Answers:

These comments received enough positive votes to make them "good answers".

"Almost" Good Answers:

Check out these comments that don't yet have enough votes to be "official" good answers and, if you agree with them, vote them!
Guru

Join Date: Oct 2006
Location: 44.56024"N 15.307971E
Posts: 8277
Good Answers: 270
#92

Re: Tube Race: Newsletter Challenge (July 2013)

07/09/2013 6:42 AM

So, basically, it is as if you were rolling a ball from each end of a concave surface with no friction,as in a vacuum with magnetic levitation.Each ball would naturally,and logically go toward the lowest point.But,because there is no friction, the enregy does not decrease, and there is exactly enough energy to reach the other side, and no more.It stops,then repeats the cycle.

The only possible losses I see in the above scenario is the mutual gravitational attraction(not friction, in the purest sense) between the objects (
They do have mass) that would eventually cause them to collide and stop.)Or would they! Perhaps they would just spin forever?

In real life,if you were to suspend two pendulums from the top of their arc,and let go,they would never quite get back to where they started, and eventually they would cease to move at all.

I saw a real life demonstration of this at my university.An anvil was pulled back from it's resting point, and the professor asked if anyone truly believed in physics.A volunteer was selected, and the anvil was pulled back to his nose and released.The test was whether you moved your head or stayed put when the anvil returned in it's arc.

A lot of students stepped back.I stayed put.

At least,that is the way I see it, and it does not violate common sense or logic.

__________________
"A man never stands so tall as when he stoops to help a child." "Never argue with a stupid person.They will drag you down to their level and beat you with experience" "To create an apple pie from scratch, first you must create a universe"
Reply
Guru

Join Date: Apr 2011
Posts: 8006
Good Answers: 286
#93
In reply to #92

Re: Tube Race: Newsletter Challenge (July 2013)

07/09/2013 9:07 AM

What you say is right, so this is really nit-picky, but here goes.....

.

'...you were rolling a ball from each end of a concave surface with no friction...'

.

Without friction, a ball wouldn't really 'roll' in the proper sense.

__________________
Eternal vigilance is the price of knowledge. - George Santayana
Reply
Guru

Join Date: Oct 2006
Location: 44.56024"N 15.307971E
Posts: 8277
Good Answers: 270
#94
In reply to #93

Re: Tube Race: Newsletter Challenge (July 2013)

07/09/2013 9:21 AM

Ok, you want to nit-pick?

"Rolling" in this case, implies that a rotation was imparted prior to release of the ball."Dropping" implies no prior rotation of the ball.

If you wish to nit pick your balls, go right ahead, but do it in private.(And be careful of the crowd you run with)

OK, the ball's now on your side of the nit(ahem! Net).

Note: For those of you unfamiliar with the term, I offer this definition from Wikipedia:

Nitpicking is the act of removing nits (the eggs of lice, generally head lice,(but sometimes the genital area) (aka;Crabs) (Emphasis mine) from the host's hair. As the nits are cemented to individual hairs, they cannot be removed with most lice combs and, before modern chemical methods were invented, the only options were to shave all the host's hair or to pick them free one by one.

This is a slow and laborious process, as the root of each individual hair must be examined for infestation. It was largely abandoned as modern chemical methods became available; however, as lice populations can and do develop resistance, manual nitpicking is still often necessary.

__________________
"A man never stands so tall as when he stoops to help a child." "Never argue with a stupid person.They will drag you down to their level and beat you with experience" "To create an apple pie from scratch, first you must create a universe"
Reply
Guru

Join Date: Apr 2011
Posts: 8006
Good Answers: 286
#95
In reply to #94

Re: Tube Race: Newsletter Challenge (July 2013)

07/09/2013 10:13 AM

Ahem,

.

As it was not dislodged by my initial gentle nudge, I will continue to pick at this nit, lest it survive to become a full fledged louse. The ((k)nitted?) gloves are off!

.

'Rolling' is not commonly defined as you suggest: rotation imparted prior to release.

I never hear people talk about a baseball pitcher 'rolling' the ball so that it will curve. The Earth is not said to be rolling along its orbit.

The bouncing damn-bursting bombs of WWII are not described as (back) rolled to facilitate bouncing across the water.

A rifle is not said to roll a bullet for purposes of stability.

.

'Rolling' refers to a condition where there is an area of contact in which there is minimal sliding (i.e. at any particular instant, the portion of the rolling object in contact with the surface is not in motion with respect to the surface to any great degree) and at points along a line normal to the contact surface, the speed of the object at that point relative to surface increased with the distance away from the area of contact.

.

While a ball may certainly be 'rolled' off the hand to impart rotation prior to release, 'roll' in this case pertains to the action of the ball in contact with the surface of the hand, not the imparting of rotation.

.

If there were no friction, the requisite torque to initiate rolling would be absent.

__________________
Eternal vigilance is the price of knowledge. - George Santayana
Reply
Guru
Hobbies - DIY Welding - Don't Know What Made The Old Title Attractive... Popular Science - Weaponology - New Member United States - US - Statue of Liberty - 60 Year Member

Join Date: Apr 2009
Location: Yellowstone Valley, in Big Sky Country
Posts: 7425
Good Answers: 295
#96

Re: Tube Race: Newsletter Challenge (July 2013)

07/09/2013 11:10 AM

<sigh>

__________________
Semper Ubi Sub Ubi
Reply
Guru
Safety - Hazmat - New Member United States - US - Statue of Liberty - New Member Engineering Fields - Chemical Engineering - Old Hand

Join Date: Mar 2011
Location: Lubbock, Texas
Posts: 14331
Good Answers: 162
#105

Re: Tube Race: Newsletter Challenge (July 2013)

07/22/2013 3:10 PM

Note in your "spring force: accleration equation here m, the mass of the object(s) has cancelled out. Yet when you show this statement somehow the object mass m has re-appeared. I am quite sure that mass of the object does not affect gravitation harmonic acceleration.

__________________
If it ain't broke, don't fix it. Just build a better one.
Reply
Reply to Blog Entry Page 2 of 2: « First < Prev 1 2 Last »

Good Answers:

These comments received enough positive votes to make them "good answers".

"Almost" Good Answers:

Check out these comments that don't yet have enough votes to be "official" good answers and, if you agree with them, vote them!
Copy to Clipboard

Users who posted comments:

amichelen (2); Anonymous Hero (8); Anonymous Poster (2); c.peck (1); Codemaster (1); DaddioAZ (1); Doorman (5); English Rose (2); Frank Kincaid (1); HiTekRedNek (3); Hugh Sutherland (1); Ichapah (2); James Stewart (5); kevinm (3); Lehman57 (2); LOONYLEN (1); lyn (15); MR. Guest (4); OldTooly (1); passingtongreen (5); PFR (5); PWSlack (1); Ried (1); SavvyExacta (1); SolarEagle (8); Tawinc440 (1); tkot (1); Tornado (5); truth is not a compromise (11); user-deleted-1105 (1); WilhelmHKoen (6)

Previous in Blog: Time Traveler: Challenge Question (June 2013)   Next in Blog: Rubik's Hypercube: Newsletter Challenge (August 2013)

Advertisement